OBJECTIVES To determine whether the effect of black smoke on cardiorespiratory mortality is modified by cold temperatures. METHODS Poisson regression models were used to investigate the relationship between lagged black smoke concentration and daily mortality, and whether the effect of black smoke on mortality was modified by cold temperature for three Scottish cities from January 1981 to Dec...

black humor plays a crucial role in fulfilling langston hughes's anti-racist purposes as an integral notionin his poetry. accordingly, translation(s) of his poetry are to benefit from the same indexes onthe basis of equivalent effect principle. on this account, 33 black-humor-rich poems of hughes, translatedby ahmad shamloo, yaghma golruee and hassan fayyad, were selected to be analyzed co...

The grey body radiation spectrum from various types of black holes is an interesting topic, both at the fundamental level and at the experimental (astrophysical) one. In a previous paper, I have applied the modified Moebius transform (henceforth MMT) due to Chen to the so-called distorted black holes, a terminology used by Geroch and Hartle to denote axially symmetric black hole Einstein soluti...

Recently, intelligent transport systems have been applied to vehicle cloud environments. Such technology is especially useful for the systematic management of road traffic. Moreover, automobiles are increasingly equipped with a black box for accident prevention and preservation of evidence. Vehicle black boxes have become mandatory because black box images and voice data have served as forensic...

We find a family of exact solutions to the semi-classical equations (including back-reaction) of two-dimensional dilaton gravity, describing infalling null matter that becomes outgoing and returns to infinity without forming a black hole. When a black hole almost forms, the radiation reaching infinity in advance of the original outgoing null matter has the properties of Hawking radiation. The r...

This paper has two parts. First we review the description of local bulk operators in Lorentzian AdS in terms of non-local operators in the boundary CFT. We discuss how bulk locality arises in pure AdS backgrounds and how it is modified at finite N . Next we present some new results on BTZ black holes: local operators can be defined inside the horizon of a finite N BTZ black hole, in a way that ...

Black hole evaporation may lead to massive or massless remnants, or naked singularities. This paper investigates this process in the context of two quite different two dimensional black hole models. The first is the original CGHS model, the second is another two dimensional dilaton-gravity model, but with properties much closer to physics in the real, four dimensional, world. Numerical simulati...

This paper has two parts. First we review the description of local bulk operators in Lorentzian AdS in terms of non-local operators in the boundary CFT. We discuss how bulk locality arises in pure AdS backgrounds and how it is modified at finite N . Next we present some new results on BTZ black holes: local operators can be defined inside the horizon of a finite N BTZ black hole, in a way that ...

This paper has two parts. First we review the description of local bulk operators in Lorentzian AdS in terms of non-local operators in the boundary CFT. We discuss how bulk locality arises in pure AdS backgrounds and how it is modified at finite N . Next we present some new results on BTZ black holes: local operators can be defined inside the horizon of a finite N BTZ black hole, in a way that ...

Black-box testing methods are widely used in system level and integration testing. But in the context of COTS-based engineering, when newly modified COTS components are adopted into the system and the source code is not available, black-box testing is a necessary and feasible approach to assure that these COTS products do not adversely affect the software. In this paper, we first discuss challe...