The equation (1) arises from an intrinsic (arc-length preserving) invariant planar curve flow in Euclidean geometry and it can be regarded as a Euclidean-invariant version of the Camassa-Holm equation in [1]. It has the form of a modified Camassa-Holm equation with cubic nonlinearity. By Fuchssteiner [2] and Olver and Rosenau[3], it can be derived as a new integrable system by applying the gene...

Combining these three definitions, Zamfirescu [12] proved the following important result. Theorem 1.1. Let (X ,d) be a complete metric space and T : X → X a mapping for which there exists the real numbers a,b, and c satisfying a∈ (0,1), b,c ∈ (0,1/2) such that for each pair x, y ∈ X , at least one of the following conditions holds: (z1) d(Tx,Ty)≤ ad(x, y), (z2) d(Tx,Ty)≤ b[d(x,Tx) +d(y,Ty)], (z...

Recently, Samet et al [24] introduced the concept of α-ψ contractive mappings and studied the existence of fixed points for such mappings. In this article, we prove three fixed point theorems for this class of operators in complete metric spaces. Our results extend the results in [24] and well known fixed point theorems due to Banach, Kannan, Chatterjea, Zamfirescu, Berinde, Suzuki, Ćirić, Niet...

The notions of higher-order weakly generalized contingent epiderivative and higher-order weakly generalized adjacent epiderivative for set-valued maps are proposed. By virtue of the higher-order weakly generalized contingent adjacent epiderivatives, both necessary and sufficient optimality conditions are obtained for Henig efficient solutions to a set-valued optimization problem whose constrain...

mountainous rangeland ecosystems have a highly delicate position in ecologic areabecause of severe environmental conditions and having wildlife and livestock. knowing andrealizing the biotic and abiotic components, which have an interaction with each other in thisecosystem, perform the most important role in to desirable management of it. the systematicmanagement is one of the managing features...

We initiate a study of cohomological aspects of weakly almost periodic group representations on Banach spaces, in particular, isometric representations on reflexive Banach spaces. Using the Ryll-Nardzewski fixed point Theorem, we prove a vanishing result for the restriction map (with respect to a subgroup) in the reduced cohomology of weakly periodic representations. Combined with the Alaoglu-B...

This paper provides an in-depth study of the (most) refined best reply correspondence introduced by Balkenborg, Hofbauer, and Kuzmics (2012). An example demonstrates that this correspondence can be very different from the standard best reply correspondence. In two-player games, however, the refined best reply correspondence of a given game is the same as the best reply correspondence of a sligh...

Weakly interacting lattices of coupled maps can be modeled as ordinary coupled map lattices separated from each other by boundary regions with small coupling parameters. We demonstrate that such weakly interacting lattices can nevertheless have unexpected and striking effects on each other. Under specific conditions, particular stability properties of the lattices are significantly influenced b...

This work proposes a new secure chaos-based encryption/decryption system, operating in cipher block chaining (CBC) mode, and analyze its performance. The cryptosystem includes robust pseudorandom number generator of chaotic sequences (PRNG-CS). A strong S-box is proposed to perform circular substitution operation (confusion process). PRNG-CS consists four discrete 1-D maps, weakly coupled by pr...