a b s t r a c t “addiction” is a multifaceted complicated disorder with many interrelated causes, as well as environmental and genetic features. several hereditary variables that have an effect on these features might work in together to influence vulnerability and the extent of being an addict. molecular re-sequencing of the latest and formerly researched genes holds a crucial place with regar...

Background and Aims: Rubella virus is a human pathogen that causes congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) when infection occurs during early pregnancy. Vaccination programs have been remarkably successful in controlling natural rubella infection and CRS. Moreover, ongoing surveillance for all cases of rubella and CRS is a vital component of a prevention program. Although the WHO recommends the use o...

Evaluating genetic variation in barley ( Hordeum vulgare ) germplasm, combined with genome-wide genotyping, is vital for identifying genes controlling important grain-quality traits. For example, addition to traditional grain quality properties such as starch and protein contents, safety parameters heavy metal content, are the use of human food animal feed. A number affecting have been identifi...

Genomics-assisted breeding has become a powerful tool to develop high-yielding climate-resilient varieties for adaptation adverse environmental conditions such as heat and drought stresses. Previously, efforts have been made genomic resources in lentil, leading the development of many trait-specific mapping populations, cores mini-cores, single nucleotide polymorphism simple sequence repeat mar...