The waste agriculture materials cause environment pollution, recycle of these materials help sustainable development. This study focused on the impact of used oil palm shell ash on the compressive and flexural strengths of cement mortar. Two different cement mortar mixes have been designed to investigate the impact of oil palm shell ash on strengths of cement mortar. Quantity of 4% oil palm she...

The influence of a chloride-ion adsorption agent (Cl agent in short), composed of zeolite, calcium aluminate hydrate and calcium nitrite, on the ingress of chloride ions into concrete and mortar has been experimentally studied. The permeability of concrete was measured, and the chloride ion content in mortar was tested. The experimental results reveal that the Cl agent could adsorb chloride ion...

Foamed mortar with a density of 1300 kg/m³ was prepared. In the initial laboratory trials, water-to-cement (w/c) ratios ranging from 0.54 to 0.64 were tested to determine the optimal value for foamed mortar corresponding to the highest compressive strength without compromising its fresh state properties. With the obtained optimal w/c ratio of 0.56, two types of foamed mortar were prepared, name...

Identification of materials, masonry elements, their shapes, physical and mechanical parameters type connection is crucial for the conservation works related to ancient structures. In case archaeological site where research was carried out (Tanais in Russia), some irregular masonries made limestone earth-based mortar were stated. Such structures a common finding during excavations Black Sea bas...

Despite the attention focused on click and mortar strategies, little empirical work has directly addressed the sources of competitive advantage of this approach, nor the factors that distinguish between a successful and unsuccessful implementation. In this paper, we review theoretical work that establishes the basis for expecting synergy between e-commerce and physical presence in a market. We ...

Abstract This article reviews the numerical approach in stone column practices and presents benefits of columns as a ground improvement soft soil to support an embankment dam. In this article, methodological approaches numerically modeling both 2D 3D studies, well selection appropriate constitutive model are discussed. The for installation validation procedures used ensure accuracy analysis als...

After the tide of the Internet and impact of the Internet bubbled, E-Commerce business models have moved toward the click-and-mortar business models which could improve the revenue for keeping survival. This study is to explore the relationship between the click-and-mortar model and its performance based on the innovation approach. From the innovation perspective, three dimensions of the click-...