OBJECTIVE Motivational interviewing to reduce alcohol and marijuana use among incarcerated adolescents was evaluated. METHOD Adolescents (N = 162, 84% male; M = 17.10 years old) were randomly assigned to receive motivational interviewing or relaxation training, with follow-up assessment 3 months after release. RESULTS Compared with those who received relaxation training, adolescents who rec...

This study was aimed at exploring effect of motivational interviewing as an additional alternative on the weight loss program among women with overweight and obesity. A randomized clinical trial study (pretestposttest with control group) was implemented in 50 overweight and obese women who attended to nutrition clinics. Samples were randomly selected using clinic records and then attributed to ...

Internationally, health systems face an increasing demand for services from people living with multimorbidity. Multimorbidity is often associated with high levels of treatment burden. Targeting lifestyle factors that impact across multiple conditions may promote quality of life and better health outcomes for people with multimorbidity. Motivational interviewing (MI) has been studied as one appr...

In Argentina, providers' response to motivational interviewing (MI) to improve engagement and retention in care among challenging patients with HIV was evaluated. Twelve HIV care physicians participated, and their video recordings pre- and post-MI training were also obtained. One week post-training, 11 of the 12 participants were committed to using MI strategies during consult session. Of the 1...

In the last decade, overt attention under natural conditions became a prominent topic in neuroscientific and psychological research. In this context, one central question is "what guides the direction of gaze on complex visual scenes?" In the present review recent research on bottom-up influences on overt attention is presented first. Against this background, strengths and limitations of the bo...

In this chapter we discuss identity development from a goal implementation perspective. Identity achievement is typically (e.g., Marcia, 1980) defined as a choke between options (e.g., "Should I become a physician or a pharmacist?"). This traditional perspective ignores the fact that identity choices have to be accompanied by implementational efforts. Accordingto self-completion theory (Wicklun...

OBJECTIVE Unilateral hand contractions have been shown to induce relative activation of the contralateral hemisphere, which is in turn associated with distinct motivational states. Specifically, right hand contraction increases relative left activation and promotes an approach state, and left hand contractions promote relative right activation and withdrawal states. Using the same hand clenchin...