The discovery of novel chemical reactions or reaction sequences that are able to generate useful chemical products may be regarded as the heart of organic chemistry. We present here concepts and methods on how to find and explore new multi component reactions, especially with automated combinatorial methods. This "combinatorial reaction finding" provides also a powerful tool to the understandin...

The catalytic ability of ZrO(2)/SO(4)(2-) to promote solventless three-component condensation reactions of a diversity of aromatic aldehydes, urea or thoiurea and ethyl acetoacetate was studied. Products resulting from Hantzsch and/or Biginelli multi-component reactions are obtained in the presence of solid acid catalysts using the same reactants but different temperature conditions. The sulfat...

Abstract In this study, we evaluated the performance of nano-?-Fe 2 O 3 –SO H catalyst in Biginelli reaction and synthesized 3,4-dihydropyrimidine-2-(1 )-ones. This was carried out under solvent-free ultrasonic irradiation conditions belonged to one-pot multicomponent reactions (MCRs) with an adopted aromatic aldehyde, ethyl acetoacetate, urea as starting materials for beginning reaction. The w...

Nano-silica-bonded 3-n-propyl-1-sulfonic acid imidazolium chloride (nano-SB-[PSIM]Cl) was applied as a highly efficient, general and heterogeneous catalyst for one pot multi-component reaction of 2-naphthol, arylaldehydes, and thioacetamide leading to 1-thioamidolakyl-2-naphthols. All reactions proceeded with excellent yields in short times under solvent-free conditions. Our protocol w...

Diesel Engine adalah motor bakar pembakaran dalam (Internal Combustion Engine), yang bahan bakarnya disemprotkan ke ruang silinder pada waktu piston berada di titik mati atas (TMA). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui permasalahan terjadi kepala silinder, khususnya mesin QSK 50 MCRS, sehingga perawatan lebih baik, guna mengoptimalkan pengoperasian proses industri. dilakukan mendapatkan da...

Nano-silica-bonded 3-n-propyl-1-sulfonic acid imidazolium chloride (nano-SB-[PSIM]Cl) was applied as a highly efficient, general and heterogeneous catalyst for one pot multi-component reaction of 2-naphthol, arylaldehydes, and thioacetamide leading to 1-thioamidolakyl-2-naphthols. All reactions proceeded with excellent yields in short times under solvent-free conditions. Our protocol was superi...

In this research, a series of spiro compounds was efficiently synthesized via one-pot multi component reactions of isatins, aryl amines, dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate and hydrazine in the presence of Zn(BDC) MOF as catalyst. The key superiority of this process is high yields, easy work-up, short reaction times, and purification of the products by the non-chromatographic system. The study of t...