background: musculoskeletal symptoms are the main cause of loss of working time, and increase in labor costs. poor posture is the most important risk factor for work-related musculoskeletal symptoms. this study aimed at evaluating the role of ergonomic risk factors in different surgical (open surgery, laparoscopy, and microsurgery) in the frequency or resonance frequency of musculoskeletal symp...

abstract : before initiating any endodontic therapy, probability of extra canals should be considered. the incidence of three canals in mandibular second premolar has been reported to be 0.46-0.5%. the present report describes nonsurgical endodontic treatment of three mandibular second premolars with three canals. in these cases, three orifices were located in mesiobuccal, distobuccal and lingu...

by increasing number of vessels. salivary gland tumors are uncommon and their overall incidence is about 3 per 100000 per year. salivary gland hemangioma makes up 1 % of all salivary gland tumors. trismus resulting from parotid hemangioma is so rare. the patient was a 6-month-old boy with a huge lesion in his right parotid who referred to shahid sadoughi hospital of yazd, iran. the lesion appea...

background: musculoskeletal diseases are quite common among healthcare professionals including medical laboratory technicians. this cross-sectional study aimed to identify the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms and ergonomic risk factors in indian medical laboratory technicians.   materials and methods: the study sample comprised of 130 male and female laboratory technicians from the indian...

manual patient handling is known to be the major source of musculoskeletal load among hospital nurses. the objectives of the present study were determination of frequency of musculoskeletal disorders (msds) and its associated factors together with assessment of musculoskeletal load due to patient transfer by ptai method in hospital nursing staff of shiraz university of medical sciences (sums), ...

: CP is a group of permanent disorders motor function, which are due to non-progressive lesion, or abnormality the developing/immature brain. Motor function often accompanied by other dysfunctions, such as: sensation, perceptual, cognitive, communication and behavioral disorders, epilepsy, secondary musculoskeletal disorders. (1) It most common cause disability in childhood. (2)The worldwide pr...

The management of gait abnormalities in persons with cerebral palsy is a challenging issue. Theoretically, gait abnormalities can be diminished by first identifying the biomechanical factors that contribute to abnormal movement and then either decreasing the muscle forces that disrupt normal movement (e.g. via muscle-tendon lengthening or botulinum toxin injections), and/or increasing the muscl...