Fulminant myocarditis associated with influenza A virus is exceedingly rare, with only a few cases reported in the literature. We describe a previously healthy 10-year-old boy, with a three-day history of flu-like symptoms without antiviral treatment. He was hospitalized with dehydration and hypothermia in the context of persistent vomiting, when he suddenly developed heart failure secondary to...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether enterovirus RNA can be demonstrated in archival necropsy material in acute myocarditis. DESIGN Analysis of paraffin embedded myocardial tissue from cases of acute myocarditis. SETTING University virology department. METHODS Extraction of RNA from tissue followed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequence analysis. PATIENTS Six patients with histol...

Myocarditis Associated with 2009 Influenza A (H1N1) Pandemic in Japan organized by Japanese Circulation Society. A national survey on myocarditis associated with the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic in Japan. Circ J 2010; 74: 2193–9 3 Schultz JC, Hilliard AA, Cooper LT Jr, Rihal CS. Diagnosis and treatment of viral myocarditis. Mayo Clin Proc 2009; 84: 1001–9 4 Oda T, Yasunaga H, Tsutsumi Y, et...

Two cases of acute myocardial infarction occurred in association with myocarditis, which was confirmed by biopsy. The first patient suffered an anteroseptal and the second patient an inferior wall myocardial infarction shortly after an acute viral illness. In both patients, coronary angiography showed normal coronary arteries, and right ventricular endomyocardial biopsy confirmed myocarditis. H...

A case of severe diphtheria complicated by myocarditis and neurorespiratory paralysis is reported. The myocarditis manifested with severe conduction disturbances including left bundle-branch block and high grade second degree atrioventricular block leading to Adams-Stokes attacks. Temporary transvenous electrical pacing for.3 days was successful in the management of this complication, but posit...

Stings from scorpions (Buthus tamulus) produce acute myocarditis and can result in death in children and adults. Acute myocarditis was induced in anaesthetised dogs by intravenous injection of 4 mg/kg venom (Buthus tamulus). Myocarditis was confirmed by ECG. Blood was collected before and 30 minutes after venom treatment and processed for osmotic fragility. An increase in osmotic fragility of r...

Acute myocarditis can be caused by a variety of organisms. Congestive heart failure and death may occur as a consequence of these infections. In recent years cardiac imaging, by echocardiography and magnetic resonance and nuclear imaging has become a useful adjunct in the diagnosis and management of infectious myocarditis. Specific examples of their usefulness will be given in the discussions o...

Coxsackievirus was first discovered as a filterable agent associated with a paralytic syndrome, so named for its identification in Coxsackie, New York (coxsackievirus type A).1 Coxsackievirus type B (CVB) was isolated the following year from patients with aseptic meningitis,2 and by the mid-1950s, an association with acute myocarditis in humans was becoming clear.3–6 Many other viruses have sin...

Myocarditis consists of an inflammation of the cardiac muscle, definitively diagnosed by endomyocardial biopsy. The causal agents are primarily infectious: in developed countries, viruses appear to be the main cause, whereas in developing countries rheumatic carditis, Chagas disease, and HIV are frequent causes. Furthermore, myocarditis can be indirectly induced by an infectious agent and occur...

AIMS We examined the impact of enterovirus (EV) cardiac replication activity on the endomyocardial mitochondrial pathway in patients with acute myocarditis. METHODS AND RESULTS Levels of apoptotic cardiomyocytes were determined by TUNEL and ligation-mediated polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays and EV replication activity was assessed by immunostaining of EV VP1 capsid protein in ventricula...