We introduce the set of n-photon coherent states and squeezed study their collapse revival compare behavior with corresponding zero-photon states, respectively. The (n = 0, 1, 2, ···) forms a basis Hilbert state photons may be some interest. notice that presence few extra in as compared to makes large difference revival. This indicates effect make

We call a graded connected algebra R effectively coherent, if for every linear equation over R with homogeneous coefficients of degrees at most d, the degrees of generators of its module of solutions are bounded by some function D(d). For commutative polynomial rings, this property has been established by Hermann in 1926. We establish the same property for several classes of noncommutative alge...

A technique is proposed to generate ultrashort coherent soft x-ray radiation in storage rings using angular-modulated electron beams. In the scheme a laser operating in the TEM01 mode is first used to modulate the angular distribution of the electron beam in an undulator. After passing through a special beam line with nonzero transfer matrix element R54, the angular modulation is converted to d...

Atropine has been used to block cholinergic neurotransmission in basic research. Large doses of atropine cause vasodilation of the blood vessels in the skin. This effect is apparently unconnected with the antimuscarinic activity of atropine and seems to be due to a direct action on the blood vessels. It has been suggested that atropine blocks muscarinic receptors at low doses and it induces th...

we show  that a projective maximal submodule of afinitely generated, regular, extending module is a directsummand. hence, every finitely generated, regular, extendingmodule with projective maximal submodules is semisimple. as aconsequence, we observe that every regular, hereditary, extendingmodule is semisimple. this generalizes and simplifies a result of  dung and   smith. as another consequen...