Niisato, Naomi, Douglas C. Eaton, and Yoshinori Marunaka. Involvement of cytosolic Cl in osmoregulation of -ENaC gene expression. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 287: F932–F939, 2004. First published August 10, 2004; doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00131.2004.—Hypotonicity stimulates transepithelial Na reabsorption in renal A6 cells, but the mechanism for this stimulation is not fully understood. In the presen...

The saccule is a vestibular sensory organ that depends upon regulation of its luminal fluid, endolymph, for normal transduction of linear acceleration into afferent neural transmission. Previous studies suggested that endolymph in the saccule was merely derived from cochlear endolymph. We developed and used a preparation of isolated mouse saccule to measure transepithelial currents from the ext...

Infarct size and brain edema following ischemia/reperfusion are reduced by inhibitors of the Na+, K+, 2Cl-, and water cotransporter NKCC1 and by β1-adrenoceptor antagonists. NKCC1 is a secondary active transporter, mainly localized in astrocytes, driven by transmembrane Na+/K+ gradients generated by the Na+,K+-ATPase. The astrocytic Na+,K+-ATPase is stimulated by small increases in extracellula...

ROMK-deficient (Romk(-/-)) mice exhibit polyuria, natriuresis, and kaliuresis similar to individuals with type II Bartter's form of hyperprostaglandin E syndrome (HPS; antenatal Bartter's syndrome). In the present study, we utilized both metabolic and clearance studies to define the contributions of specific distal nephron segments to the renal salt wasting in these mice. The effects of furosem...

Pedersen, S. F., M. E. O’Donnell, S. E. Anderson, and P. M. Cala. Physiology and pathophysiology of Na /H exchange and Na -K -2Cl cotransport in the heart, brain, and blood. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 291: R1–R25, 2006. First published February 16, 2006; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00782.2005.—Maintenance of a stable cell volume and intracellular pH is critical for normal cell function. Arg...

Na(+) cotransporters have a substantial role in neuronal damage during brain hypoxia. We proposed these cotransporters have beneficial roles in oxygen-sensing mechanisms that increase periarteriolar nitric oxide (NO) concentration ([NO]) during mild to moderate oxygen deprivation. Our prior studies have shown that cerebral neuronal NO synthase (nNOS) is essential for [NO] responses to decreased...