Understanding the kinetics of the exchange processes between nonaqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) and water is important in predicting the fate of anthropogenic compounds such as petroleum hydrocarbons, i.e., benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) as well as polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Exchange processes occurring in the environment resemble the experimental setup of the sl...

Innovative monitoring probes based on a diffusion cell concept (Barber and Briegel, 1987) have been developed to provide in situ, undisturbed and on-line measurements of parameters of interest under variably-saturated conditions during remediation and contaminant monitoring. Probes for oxygen and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have been tested in three field trials of in situ remediation; tw...

SPARG/AIRFIX is developed by Mohtar and Rahbeh in 2001 as a practical unsaturated flow and multiphase transport model that can be used for the design and operation of sparging and soil vapor extraction systems [5]. The model uses first order kinetics to represent the mass transfer among the aqueous, gaseous, solid, and NAPL phases. The theoretical basis of the model is build on the fact that so...

This paper is a follow-up to Dean and Russell[2] in which the formulation of our model of NAPL flow in heterogeneous porous media is based on the traditional argument of developing a Fokker-Planck equation for a diffusion process and then modifying this equation to handle the behavior of the fluid particle at an interface between sands of different permeabilities. Since the capillary diffusivit...

The partitioning interwell tracer test (PITT) was introduced into the practice of contaminant hydrogeology in 1994, since which time about 50 PITTs have been conducted in the field. Confirmation of results of vadose-zone and ground-water zone PITTs by subsequent field testing of aquifers in Utah and New Mexico have demonstrated the reliability of the technique for operational purposes, i.e., th...

The tidal influence on LNAPL movement is a subject poorly studied with limited literature available. Tidal fluctuations along shorelines create a unique condition where the migration of LNAPLs is buffered and often mitigated from discharging into an open water body. A site investigation has been conducted in an area with presence of LNAPL located close to a major tidal river. The objective of t...

When performing experimental work to study the recovery of NAPLs (non aqueous phase liquids) from porous media by water flood, scaling seems to be a critical step in the production of useful data that can be obtained from lab experiments. During many years, scaling was a very common technique in the petroleum industry. This technique was highly developed in the oil field in order to achieve gre...