The objective of this study was to determine whether the amount of forage in a total mixed ration influences feed sorting by cows and whether the extent of this sorting changes as they adapt to a new diet. Six lactating Holstein cows, individually fed once per day, were provided each of 2 diets in a crossover design (dry matter basis): 1) a higher forage diet (HF; 62.3% forage), and 2) a lower ...

This experiment was carried out to study the effect of a directly fed exogenous fibrolytic enzyme on intake and digestion of DM, OM, protein, NDF, ADF, and hemicellulose of alfalfa and ryegrass hay by sheep. Four diets were randomly assigned to four ruminally cannulated lambs using a 4 x 4 Latin square design, repeated in time, with a factorial arrangement (2 x 2) of diets: 1) alfalfa hay; 2) a...

This paper describes a new and original method for designing oscillators based on the Normalized Determinant Function (NDF) and Return Relations (RRT ). Firstly, a review of the loop-gain method will be performed. The loop-gain method pros, cons and some examples for exploring wrong solutions provided by this method will be shown. This method produces in some cases wrong solutions because some ...

Clinical and epidemiological researchers across all medical specialties need tools and knowledge representations to support the classification, aggregation, and analysis of medication data. The National Drug File Reference Terminology (NDF-RT), a named standard for classifying medications, is developed by the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) as an extension to their National Drug File, wh...

In many computational fluid dynamics (CFD) studies of stented vessel haemodynamics, the geometry of the stented vessel is described using non-deformed (NDF) geometrical models. These NDF models neglect complex physical features, such as stent and vessel deformation, which may have a major impact on the haemodynamic environment in stented coronary arteries. In this study, CFD analyses were carri...

 Carbohydrates, NDF and NFC, comprise about 70% of DM in diets for lactating cows.  While diets containing 21% forage-NDF are common, depending on forage availability, price and quality, diets can be found within a normal range of 16% 24% forage-NDF (DM basis).  Maximum NFC guidelines are positively related to forage-NDF content in diets for lactating cows.  Starch is the major component of...

Two receptor tyrosine kinases, ErB-3 and ErbB-4, mediate signaling by Neu di€erentiation factors (NDFs, also called neuregulins), while ErbB-1 and ErbB-2 serve as co-receptors. We show that the two NDF/neuregulin receptors di€er in spatial and temporal expression patterns: The kinase-defective receptor, ErbB-3, is expressed primarily in epithelial layers of various organs, in the peripheral ner...

During 2006 and 2007, forages from 3 individual hay harvests were utilized to assess the effects of spontaneous heating on concentrations of fiber components, 48-h neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestibility (NDFD), and in situ disappearance kinetics of NDF for large-round bales of mixed alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.). Over the 3 harvests, 96 large-round b...

We evaluated the effects of cellulase (from Trichoderma longibrachiatum) application rates on neutral detergent fiber (NDF) concentration and fermentation products of orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) silages harvested with decreasing dry matter (DM) digestibility. Additionally, the impacts of inoculant (Lactobacillus plantarum and Pediococcus cerevisiae), pe...

BACKGROUND The RxNorm and NDF-RT (National Drug File Reference Terminology) are a suite of terminology standards for clinical drugs designated for use in the US federal government systems for electronic exchange of clinical health information. Analyzing how different drug products described in these terminologies are categorized into drug classes will help in their better organization and class...