Objective: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neuropsychiatric disorders in children and affects 3 to 5% of school-aged children. This study is to demonstrate whether functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) can detect the changes in the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin (oxy-HB) in children with ADHD and typically developing children (TD childre...

At room temperature, multiphoton absorption- (MPA-) induced photoluminescence in ZnO strongly driven by a femtosecond (fs) near-infrared laser is studied. Two-photon absorption and three-photon absorption are proved to be responsible for the intense luminescence, when the wavelength of the fs excitation laser is above and below the half-bandgap of ZnO, respectively. Strong MPA absorption in ZnO...

We report transmission infrared near-field scanning microscopy ~IR-NSOM! imaging of chemically amplified photoresist polymers patterned by ultraviolet exposure. Chemical specificity was attained using infrared wavelengths tuned to the 3 mm OH stretch absorption band of the polymer, a band sensitive to the chemical changes characteristic of the lithographic photochemical process of this material...

By using a polyelectrolyte layer gold nanoparticles have been assembled onto a Ge internal reflection element. Upon illumination with visible and near infrared light strong infrared absorption has been observed, which can be traced to intervalence band transitions in Ge. This reveals the existence of holes in the Ge near its valence band edge. The switching between light and dark states is fast...

Cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has long represented an exciting prospect for the noninvasive monitoring of cerebral tissue oxygenation and perfusion in the context of traumatic brain injury (TBI), although uncertainty still exists regarding the reliability of this technology specifically within this field. We have undertaken a review of the existing literature relating to the applic...

Introduction: We present recent developments in instrumentation for in situ planetary time-resolved Raman spectroscopy, leading to improved performance and identification of both minerals and organics. The Time-Resolved Raman Instrument shown in Figure 1 builds on the widely used 532 nm (green) laser Raman technique, but uses time resolution to detect Raman spectral signatures while eliminating...

A new method for the estimation of body composition in humans, called infrared interactance, is discussed. Infrared interactance is based on the principles of light absorption, reflection, and near-infrared spectroscopy. Body composition (percentage fat) was estimated in 53 adults (23 to 65 yr of age) by infrared interactance and compared to results from deuterium oxide dilution (r = 0.94), ski...

Polymer nano-particles (PNPs) with a near-infrared (NIR) light absorption were prepared by the nano-emulsion method to develop contrast agents for photo-acoustic (PA) imaging. The PNP containing silicon naphthalocyanine showed a high absorption coefficient up to 10(10) M(-1) cm(-1). This is comparable to plasmonic gold nano-particles, which have been studied as PA contrast agents. For the PNP l...

This study addresses a combination of a well-developed and mild dispersion method and high-quality arc discharge single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) as starting materials. Thus, we advance in fabrication of transparent, conducting films with extraordinary low material loss during SWCNT processing. The starting material was characterized by means of thermogravimetric analysis, high-resolutio...

We have obtained very deep near-infrared images in the fields of 10 QSOs whose spectra contain damped Lyman-α absorption (DLA) systems with 1.7 < zabs < 2.5. The main aim of our investigation is to provide new constraints on the properties of distant galaxies responsible for the DLA absorption. After subtracting the point spread function associated with the QSO light, we have detected galaxies ...