background: in the recent decades, the prevalence of nosocomial infections in neonates has grown and almost 21% of preterm neonates experience these kinds of infections. some factors were proposed to have a protective effect against neonatal infections through promoting the development of the immune system of the newborn. this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of oral glutamine supplementati...

meningitis, pneumonia, and sepsis in newborns and young infants (age < 60 days) are the main causes of childhood mortality in developing countries. even though streptococcus pneumonia is the most commonly detected microorganism in pediatric bacterial meningitis, it is rare in newborn infants. the following article reports a case of pneumococcal meningitis that was detected early in a newborn in...

the testicular torsion which is typically seen in prepuberty is very rare in the early neonatal period; prenatal diagnosis is difficult. herein, we report a five day-old male neonate with swelling and erythema of the right scrotum.  following doppler ultrasound suggestive of testicular torsion, surgical exploration was undertaken. there was gangrene of the right testis with discoloration and ne...

background: rooming-in, motivated by world health organization (who) strategies and baby-friendly hospital policies, is a practice followed in many maternity hospitals of iran. mother-infant dyad may easily be damaged by the separation caused by medical and surgical problems, which result in hospital stay. regarding this, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the rooming-in pr...

amikacin is a bactericidal aminoglycoside. aminoglycosides inhibit bacterial protein synthesis. the antibacterial spectrum of amikacin is the broadest of aminoglycosides. because of its resistance to many of the aminoglycosides-inactivating enzymes, it has a special role in hospitals where gentamicin- and tobramycin-resistant microorganisms are prevalent. amikacin is active against the majority...

We report the case of a neonate who likely developed symptoms of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome after in-utero exposure to gabapentin for treatment of maternal chronic pain. The neonate developed symptoms of hypertonicity, tremor, and poor feeding twelve hours after delivery. Although the neonate wasbriefly exposed to the benzodiazepine alprazolam and the opioid oxycodone, the withdrawal symptoms...

To assess the interaction of 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) and dietary calcium on mammary calcium transport in lactating dams and skeletal growth and turnover in the neonate, female lactating 1α(OH)ase(+/-) or 1α(OH)ase(-/-) mice were fed either a high-calcium diet containing 1.5% calcium in the drinking water or a "rescue diet." Dietary effects on the expression of molecules mediating mammary calcium transp...

introduction: low birth weight (lbw, birth weight<2500g) is a significant health problem in children all around the world. there is a direct relationship between low birth weight and infant mortality rate. one of the most important measures to prevent childhood morbidity is growth monitoring. the present study was planned to compare the growth rate of lbw neonates with those weighing 2500g and ...

During development, the cardiac alpha 1-adrenergic chronotropic response changes from positive in the neonate to negative in the adult. The negative chronotropic effect of alpha 1-adrenergic stimulation in the adult depends on maturation of sympathetic innervation and the presence of a pertussis toxin (PT)-sensitive guanine nucleotide-binding (G) protein. To examine the possibility of a develop...