7 Between ∼750 to 635 million years ago, during the Neoproterozoic era, the Earth experienced 8 at least two significant, possibly global, glaciations, termed “Snowball Earth”. While many 9 studies have focused on the dynamics and the role of the atmosphere and ice flow over the 10 ocean in these events, only a few have investigated the related associated ocean circulation, 11 and no study has ...

The evolutionary emergence of animals is one of the most significant episodes in the history of life, but its timing remains poorly constrained. Molecular clocks estimate that animals originated and began diversifying over 100 million years before the first definitive metazoan fossil evidence in the Cambrian. However, closer inspection reveals that clock estimates and the fossil record are less...

There has been controversy over the number and timing of orogenies in the Precambrian Moine block in the Scottish Caledonides since the earliest radiometric dating in the 1960s. This work challenges a recent hypothesis, that this sector of the Laurentian margin was subjected to continuous crustal extension between .900 and 470 Ma. U–Pb dating (thermal ionization mass spectrometry) of titanite f...

a r t i c l e i n f o There are differences in the style of collisional orogens between the Phanerozoic and the Precambrian, most notably the appearance of blueschists and ultrahigh pressure metamorphic (UHPM) rocks in the geological record since the late Neoproterozoic, whereas these rocks are absent from older orogens. Understanding collisional orogenesis in the context of present-day values ...

During Neoproterozoic global climate changed drastically and associated glacial deposits have been found worldwide. However, there are few such records at the southern margin of North China Cra...

The development and structure of Neoproterozoic III volcanosedimentary basins in the northeastern part of the Arabian shield record periods of uplift, erosion, extension, subsidence, compression, and strike-slip faulting that postdated the completion of terrane amalgamation in the northern East African orogen (EAO) and predated the initiation of a passive margin on the northern flank of the Gon...