Nearly Zero Energy Building (NZEB) is becoming a standard for new and renovated buildings throughout the European Union (EU). Through ongoing implementation of directives related to energy efficiency NZEB-compliant buildings, EU commission has established that shall be implemented cost-effectively. This assessed by linking Life Cycle Cost (LCC) demand calculations, representing them in cost-opt...

The Passive House Standard is based on the reduction of energy demand and consumption. In Spain, this concept has become preferred alternative for achieving nearly Zero Energy Buildings. necessary criteria were incorporated into Spain’s 2019 Technical Building Code, which considers passive design buildings. fact, it possible that many Spanish buildings complying with basic architecture current ...

Optimizing a net-zero energy (NZE) residential building using what renewable resources are available in desert environments and budgeted within the limits of governmental construction project is proving to be increasingly challenging for many countries, including Kingdom Saudi Arabia (KSA). Buildings such regions encounter significantly high annual consumption rates, especially cooling capacity...

The current research applies the SRI methodology in two typologies of typical residential buildings, Single-Family Houses and Multi-Family Houses, five EU Countries, to evaluate retrofitting cost towards buildings smartification assess score when different scenarios are applied. To that end, a three-step assessment process is adopted. First, calculated for baseline scenario representing nationa...

The selection Selecting the right of a thermal comfort model for establishing optimal indoor optimal hygrothermal conditions during the hot period has a major impact on energy consumption of Net Zero Energy Buildings in hot climates. The objective of this paper is to compare the influence of using different thermal comfort models for zero energy buildings in hot climates. The paper compares the...