Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is the current taxonomic label for a syndrome previously known by many names (reflex sympathetic dystrophy, causalgia, Sudeck’s atrophy, shoulder-hand syndrome, neuroalgodystrophy, reflex neurovascular dystrophy, etc). It is an inflammatory and neuropathic pain disorder, often involving both peripheral and central sensitization, but principally characterize...

Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is caused by the compression of neurovascular structures in thoracic cage. TOS can be classified into neurogenic (NTOS) and vascular TOS. Congenital anomalies, such as cervical ribs elongated C7 transverse processes, may cause NTOS. NTOS subcategorized either disputed or true True NTOS, a very rare disease with prevalence about one million, diagnosed weakness atro...

Thoracic outlet syndrome involves more than just local neurovascular compression. Myofascial release treatments and stretching exercises may be only partially or temporarily successful unless all related components of somatic dysfunction, including craniosacral mechanisms, are addressed. Structural and postural abnormalities in the frontal plane, as with a short leg, and in the sagittal plane, ...

Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) has devastating consequences on brain function including profound effects on communication between neurons and the vasculature leading to cerebral ischemia. Physiologically, neurovascular coupling represents a focal increase in cerebral blood flow to meet increased metabolic demand of neurons within active regions of the brain. Neurovascular coupling is ...