Since typical evolutionary design systems encode only a single artifact with each individual, each time the objective changes a new set of individuals must be evolved. When this objective varies in a way that can be parameterized, a more general method is to use a representation in which a single individual encodes an entire class of artifacts. In addition to saving time by preventing the need ...

Although service designers have proven their abilities in the fuzzy front end of service development, their skills regarding implementation have been criticised and many service designs are not implemented successfully. So far, there has been little discussion concerning service implementation in service design research and there is potential for further development of this aspect of the design...

Computer-aided three-dimensional interactive application (CATIA) was originally developed by Dassault Systems to design and manufacture complex geometries for jet fighters. Lately, it has been adopted as a multi-platform 3-D product life cycle management solution and is used widely as a design platform in several industries, including the automobile, aerospace, ship-building, and consumer elect...

This paper establishes that problem-solution co-evolution is observed in novice interaction designers in the UK and Botswana. However, in the majority of Botswana protocols we could see a new type of co-evolution, which we termed solution-problem co-evolution. Solutionproblem co-evolution uses ‘off the shelf’’ solutions to structure the problem space. Both types of co-evolution are described an...

The Advanced Rio-Imaging Experiment in Scandinavia (ARIES) is a new type of imaging riometer (relative ionospheric opacity meter). It represents the first of a new generation of imaging riometers, based upon a Mills Cross system rather than a filled square phased-array. ARIES is located at Ramfjordmoen, near Tromsø, Norway, and is partly adjacent and partly overlapping with the field of view of...

B of long lead times associated with product development and building capacity, a supplier must initiate investment in capacity when the product development effort is ongoing. Because the product is ill defined at this point in time, the buyer is unable to commit to the future terms of trade through a courtenforceable contract. Instead, to provide incentives for capacity investment, the buyer i...

In a Danish survey of 1022 manufacturing firms, 294 respondents gave detailed descriptions of the collaboration involved in their most important projects. The most frequently occurring partners in the projects were those who also played a role in the value chain for the eventual product. These partners are also those attributed by the firms as having the greatest importance for the completion o...

Even though social intelligence has not been clearly defined yet, consideration of this new type of intelligence should be important for realizing a new generation of human-machine collaborative systems based on human-centered system design policy. In this article, social intelligence and mind model for implementing socially intelligent agents are studied. At first, emotional and affective aspe...

Decisions during NPD process have impact on 80-90% of a product’s life cycle sustainability performance. The objective of this study is to investigate the integration of sustainability into product design, mainly focusing on the environmental aspects. The investigation has been carried out by means of a questionnaire developed based on a 3-pillar framework outlining the essential elements for s...

There is little in-depth research that can assist designers to use culture as a catalyst for designing innovative product within Botswana’s context. This is supported by evidence from the literature which indicate that from an African perspective, there is no solid theoretical framework which can assist designers to consciously integrate users’ culture in designing products. This challenges des...