In United States v. Loughner the Ninth Circuit will soon address the constitutionality of involuntarily medicating an incompetent pretrial defendant through a Harper order that could serve to render him competent to stand trial without the added procedural protection of a judicial hearing. Judicial support for applying Harper orders to pretrial defendants is likely to be used to justify Harper ...

■ The Ninth International Conference on Machine Learning was held in Aberdeen, Scotland, from 1–3 July 1992, with 198 participants in attendance. The conference covered a broad range of topics drawn from the general area of machine learning, including concept-learning algorithms, clustering, speedup learning, formal analysis of learning systems, neural networks, genetic algorithms, and applicat...

In this paper, we develop an elementary method to obtain infinitely many solutions of the Diophantine equation x1 + x 9 2 + x 9 3 + x 9 4 + x 9 5 + x 9 6 = y 9 1 + y 9 2 + y 9 3 + y 9 4 + y 9 5 + y 9 6 and we give some numerical results.

This contribution attempts to synthesize and expand ideas previously presented at these meetings by placing them into a wider framework at the intersection of biosemiotics and current philosophy of biology. In previous investigations I aimed mainly at exploring the connections between two special kinds of relational structures: the networks of self-referential circular loops that appear pervasi...