In this paper, the preferred region of design parameters for quasi-normalized equations of single-axis attitude control of rigid spacecraft using pulse-width pulse-frequency modulator (PWPFM) is presented for rest-to-rest maneuvers. Using the quasi-normalized equations for attitude control reduces the system parameters, that is, the moment of inertia, the filter gain, and the maximum torque of ...

There is a growing recognition of the role of individual variation in patterns emerging at higher levels of biological organization. Despite the importance of the temporal configuration of ecological processes and patterns, intraspecific individual variation in diel activity patterns is almost never accounted for in behavioral studies at the population level. We used individual-based monitoring...

(International Database on Ambulatory BP monitoring in relation to Cardiovascular Outcomes), a large international database of prospective studies using ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM), demonstrated that the effect of nocturnal BP on cardiovascular prognosis was much N octurnal blood pressure (BP) and non-dipper (reduced nocturnal BP dipping)/riser (higher nocturnal BP than daytime BP) patterns...

The initial evolution of aposematic and mimetic antipredator signals is thought to be paradoxical because such coloration is expected to increase the risk of predation before reaching a stage when predators associate it effectively with a defense. We propose, however, that constraints associated with the alternative strategy, cryptic coloration, may facilitate the evolution of antipredator sign...

Although most South American owl monkeys are mainly nocturnal, Aotus azarai azarai of the Argentinean Chaco regularly shows diurnal activity. In this study we examined the strong influence of moonlight on its diurnal and nocturnal activity, as well as the interaction of moonlight effects with other exogenous factors. We analyzed long-term automated activity recordings obtained with acceleromete...

Orofacial biofunction comprises muscular and physical effects, which may contribute to stabilization of the oropharyngeal airway. The tongue-repositioning manoeuvre (TRM) provides physical stabilization of the tongue and the soft palate together with, as a prerequisite, a nasal breathing mode. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of a TRM treatment concept on primary snori...

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to investigate the association between actigraphic estimates of the sleep-wake rhythm and a range of functional domains that contribute to well-being in demented elderly patients. METHOD Eighty-seven women aged 85.5 +/- 5.9 years (mean +/- standard deviation) wore an actigraph for two weeks. Activity profiles were analyzed using nonparametric variables...

The Mashona mole rat, Cryptomys darlingi, is a social, subterranean African rodent that is rarely, if ever, exposed to light, and that exhibits a regressed visual system. This study investigated locomotor activity patterns of Mashona mole rats (n=12) under different light cycles. Activity was measured using either infrared captors (n=8) or running wheels (n=4). The mole rats entrained their act...