Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) through the femoral vein and artery may cause differential hypoxia, i.e., lower PaO2 in the upper body than in the lower body, because of normal cardiac output with severe impairment of pulmonary function. Hereby, we report the diagnosis and the treatment of differential hypoxia caused by veno-arterial ECMO. A 39-year-old man received car...

conclusions bis-guided management may not be superior to routine monitoring protocols to prevent awareness as well as hemodynamic changes during general anesthesia in patients undergoing abdominal surgeries. results the overall incidence of awareness in the bis and routine monitoring groups were 5.5% and 4.1%, which was not significantly different. there were no significant differences in hemod...

Case: A 75-year-old woman was referred for recurrent syncope. Over the past 12 months, she had had 10 episodes of brief (less than 1 minute) loss of consciousness with rapid recovery. She has known coronary artery disease and underwent coronary artery bypass grafting 2 years ago. She had diabetes mellitus that was well controlled with insulin. Her physical examination was normal, including orth...

The current article explores the implication of the interaction of emotion and consciousness for autism. The framework that is proposed for the disorder explains that the compromised functional integrity of the amygdala is the root cause of disturbed affective consciousness. Amygdala, with its connections to various cortical and subcortical regions, helps detect a fearful facial expression at t...

tient, fully alert and oriented. Motor and sensory examinations, cranial nerve function , and funduscopic examination were normal. A computed tomographic (CT) scan was interpreted as normal, and a diagnosis of viral meningitis was entertained. Lumbar puncture yielded bright red spinal fluid , and the diagnosis was changed to subarachnoid hemorrhage. Over the next 2 weeks the patient remained st...

Machine Consciousness is the study of consciousness in a biological, philosophical, mathematical and physical perspective and designing a model that can fit into a programmable system architecture. Prime objective of the study is to make the system architecture behave consciously like a biological model does. Present work has developed a feasible definition of consciousness, that characterizes ...

On the day after admission, the patient became alert and had no neurologic abnormalities, but mild renal dysfunction continued . Her blood pressure returned to normal. On the ninth day, her renal function deteriorated severely, and anuria developed. Subsequently, frequent generalized seizures occurred, and she became comatose. Peritoneal dialysis was carried out. Cranial CT scans at this time s...

objective: peganum harmala (p. harmala), “espand” in persian, has small seeds and has been used in traditional medicine as emmenagogue and an abortifacient. it has various pharmacological effects such as antifungal, antibacterial, hypothermic, anticancer, antinociceptive, and reversible monoamine oxidase inhibition. case details: this case was a 45 years old woman who ingested about 50 grams se...