The purpose of this study was to characterize the nucleotide profiles of a normal porcine elastic and muscular artery. Tissue samples (50 to 150 mg) were excised from the descending thoracic aorta and from the femoral artery of 14 normocholesterolemic, anesthetized minipigs. In three animals, transmural myocardial samples were also obtained. Nucleotide and nucleoside concentrations were analyze...

Ionizing radiation exposure significantly alters the structure and function of microvascular networks, which regulate delivery of oxygen to tissue. In this study we use a hamster cremaster muscle model to study changes in microvascular network parameters and use a mathematical model to study the effects of these observed structural and microhemodynamic changes in microvascular networks on oxyge...

Background Virchow-Robin spaces (VRS) are associated with vascular and neurodegenerative disease. In multiple sclerosis (MS), VRS have been associated with neuroinflammation. Ultrahigh-field imaging may be used to gain insight in these contradictory findings.

Any effective cancer therapy developed to date is associated with a spectrum of normal tissue effects of varying incidence and severity. With an increasing number of novel therapeutic approaches undergoing clinical testing and an increased effort to optimize the established treatment modalities, methods for reliable quantification of normal tissue effects have become a key element in advancing ...

The problem of the replacement of blood in the event of blood loss or in blood disease has captivat ed the minds of men for centuries. As the source of fresh blood, animal blood was used, but severe transfusion reactions followed these initial at tempts. Agglutination and hemolysis of the red blood cells were observed. Later, transfusion was successfully performed by the use of blood from the s...

Proton beams offer highly significant advantages over X-rays in the sparing of normal tissues. This is due to the physical characteristics of the proton beam compared to X-rays. X-rays are electromagnetic waves and are highly penetrating, and will deliver dose throughout any volume of tissue irradiated, regardless of thickness. Thus x-rays always deliver substantial doses of irradiation both an...