Introduction Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is a clinical syndrome characterized by enlargement of the brain’s ventricular spaces without obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow or elevation in CSF pressure. This condition may develop from a variety of processes that cause decreased resorbtion or over-production of CSF. The net effect of NPH is a reduction in the compliance of the br...

Environmental policies employ metaphoric objectives such as ecosystem health, resilience and sustainable provision of ecosystem services, which influence corresponding sustainability assessments by means of normative settings such as assumptions on system description, indicator selection, aggregation of information and target setting. A heuristic approach is developed for sustainability assessm...

Transcutaneous capnography is a noninvasive method useful for analysis of the behavioral tendency of transcutaneous CO2 pressure (PtcCO2) in patients undergoing polysomnography, to evaluate respiratory sleep disorders. Objective: Determine normative PtcCO2 values in normal patients undergoing polysomnography. Method: One hundred seventy-nine patients who underwent polysomnography with simultane...

    Dynamic model,   regional economy,   innovation.   This paper presents a normative balance mathematical model of regional economy that contains a lot of unspecified parameters which are not defined directly by the data of economic statistics. A method for estimation of the model parameters by application of parallel computations on multi-processors systems is presented. It is determined the...

The environment is an essential component of multi-agent systems, which is often used to coordinate the behaviour of individual agents. Recently many programming languages have been proposed to facilitate the implementation of such environments. This extended abstract is motivated by the emerging programming languages that are designed to implement environments in terms of normative concepts su...

Normative systems in a multiagent system must be able to evolve over time, for example due to actions creating or removing norms in the system. The only formal framework to evaluate and classify normative system change methods is the so-called AGM framework of theory change, which has originally been developed as a framework to describe and classify both belief and normative system change. Howe...

The current study aimed at obtaining and examining the normative tympanometric findings in the Chinese older adults (60 to 90 years). The tympanometric data was collected using the Interacoustics Titan IMP 440 clinical immittance meter. This included peak static acoustic admittance (Ytm); tympanometric peak pressure (TPP); tympanometric width (TW); and ear canal volume (ECV). 146 (228 ears) Chi...

This study aims to investigate and improve understanding of the social forces that influence patient portal use behavior among the elderly. Underpinned by institutional theory and using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology, our proposed model examines the three social environmental factors of normative, mimetic, and coercive forces within the health Information Technology (HIT...

Behavioral and neural evidence reveal a prospective goal-directed decision process that relies on mental simulation of the environment, and a retrospective habitual process that caches returns previously garnered from available choices. Artificial systems combine the two by simulating the environment up to some depth and then exploiting habitual values as proxies for consequences that may arise...