BACKGROUND Bortezomib has been successfully used in the treatment of multiple myeloma and has been proposed as a potential treatment for chronic lymphocytic leukemia. In this study we investigated the mechanism by which bortezomib induces apoptosis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. DESIGN AND METHODS Using western blot analysis, we monitored the regulation of BCL2 family members, protein...

Choroidal melanoma is the most common primary malignant intraocular tumor, and very few effective therapies are available to treat it. Our study aimed to understand whether pemetrexed plus cisplatin exerts a beneficial synergistic effect in human choroidal melanoma cells and to delineate the underlying molecular mechanism. To accomplish these aims, we treated choroidal melanoma cells with pemet...

Clostridium acetobutylicum and Clostridium aminovalericum, both obligatory anaerobes, grow normally after growth conditions are changed from anoxic to microoxic, where the cells consume oxygen proficiently. In C. aminovalericum, a gene encoding a previously characterized H2O-forming NADH oxidase, designated noxA, was cloned and sequenced. The expression of noxA was strongly upregulated within 1...

Activation of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis represents a major anti-tumor response of p53. One of the mechanisms for p53 to induce mitochondria-mediated cell death events is to activate genes that are directly involved in the initiation of mitochondria-induced apoptosis. Among them are Bcl-2 family members, Noxa, PUMA, and Bax. They have been shown to be direct targets in p53-mediated apoptos...

ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM-STRESS INDUCED APOPTOSIS: MULTIPLE PATHWAYS AND ACTIVATION OF PUMA AND NOXA BY p53* Jianze Li, Brenda Lee and Amy S. Lee From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, 90089-9176 Running Title: Puma, Noxa in ER-stress Induced Apoptosis Add...

Purpose: The treatment of cancer with oncolytic viruses primarily depends on the selective viral replication in cancer cells. However, a replication-incompetent hemagglutinating virus of Japan (HVJ; Sendai virus) envelope (HVJ-E) suppresses the growth of human cancer cells as effectively as replicationcompetent live HVJ without producing toxic effects in nonmalignant cells. Here, we analyze the...

PURPOSE Carfilzomib, while active in B-cell neoplasms, displayed heterogeneous response in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) samples from patients and showed interpatient variability to carfilzomib-induced cell death. To understand this variability and predict patients who would respond to carfilzomib, we investigated the mechanism by which carfilzomib induces CLL cell death. EXPERIMENTAL DE...

PURPOSE The treatment of cancer with oncolytic viruses primarily depends on the selective viral replication in cancer cells. However, a replication-incompetent hemagglutinating virus of Japan (HVJ; Sendai virus) envelope (HVJ-E) suppresses the growth of human cancer cells as effectively as replication-competent live HVJ without producing toxic effects in nonmalignant cells. Here, we analyze the...

Abstract Background Choroidal melanoma is the most common primary intraocular malignancy that occurs in adults. Lithium Chloride Promotes Apoptosis Human Leukemia NB4 Cells by Inhibiting Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 Beta. In this study, we aimed to understand whether LiCl exerts anticancer effects on choroidal cells and elucidate underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods were treated with LiCl, ce...