background bone morphogenetic protein 7 (bmp7) has been suggested to play a protective role against kidney injury in chronic kidney disease. objectives to identify the critical molecular regulators in the early stage of diabetic nephropathy, we studied the expression of bmp7 and 2 important kidney-specific markers, podocin and tamm–horsfall protein (thp). materials and methods a diabetic nephro...

The causes of familial nephrotic syndromes are varied and diverse. Although phenotypic differences are seen with distinct congenital and adult forms, renal pathology tends to be less well defined, with blurring and overlap of diagnoses. Clinically, symptoms of the familial nephrotic syndromes may appear from birth to late in life, which demonstrates the heterogeneity of these diseases. The dise...