Introduction: Obliquity is a strong control on post-Noachian Martian climate [1]. However, Martian obliquity is chaotic and dynamical models produce a wide range of instantaneous and long-term average values [2]. Here, we model the effect of Mars mean obliquity on the distribution of fresh elliptic crater orientations. To achieve this we used an N-body simulation to estimate the time-averaged d...

STUDY DESIGN A retrospective study. PURPOSE To compare outcomes of apical derotation with pedicle screws in idiopathic and neuromuscular scoliosis (NMS). OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE No information about apical derotation in NMS with pedicle screws is available. METHODS We performed deformity correcting surgery using pedicle screw constructs on 12 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients ...

Abstract Planetary obliquity is a first-order control on planetary climate and seasonal contrast, which has number of cascading consequences for life. How moderately high (obliquities greater than Earth’s current up to 45°) affects planet’s surface physically been studied previously, but we lack an understanding how marine life will respond these conditions. We couple the ROCKE-3D general circu...

The presence of one or two long, dim, eccentrically-placed, parallel, pitched-from-vertical lines in darkness generates a systematic influence on the physical elevation that appears to correspond to eye level (VPEL). The influence of the line(s) in darkness is nearly as large as that produced by a complexly-structured, well-illuminated visual field (Matin L, Li W. Vis Res, 1994;34:311-330); obl...