BACKGROUND Trips are the largest contributor to falls in older people, yet little is known about the underlying physiological mechanisms for safe obstacle negotiation. The aims of the study were to determine (i) the effect of a secondary visual task on obstacle contacts when older people negotiated an obstacle course and (ii) physiological factors associated with obstacle contacts. METHODS Th...

It is proved that the scattering amplitude known at a fixed frequency, a fixed direction of the incident plane wave and all directions of the scattered wave in a solid angle, however small, determine uniquely the shape of a strictly convex obstacle with a smooth but not analytic boundary on which the Dirichlet boundary condition is assumed.

We investigated in situ the growth of a sputter-deposited gold film (sputtering rate R = 3.2 nm/min) on top of a pre-structured colloidal polymer template using grazing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS [5]). The underlying colloidal polymer template was deposited by using the novel technique of airbrush-spray coating, allowing for the installation of stripe-like trapezoidal patter...

Rear Facing child restraints (RFCR) have various component designs which can couple the restraint to the vehicle. Swedish tethers, which link the upper portion of the child restraint to the vehicle floor, prevent rearward rotation in rear impacts and during rebound in frontal crashes. They also simplify installation of restraints by allowing better control of the installation angle and removing...

The present paper focuses on problem of mixed convection fluid flow and heat transfer of Al2O3-water nanofluid with temperature and nanoparticles concentration dependent thermal conductivity and effective viscosity inside Lid-driven cavity having a hot rectangular obstacle. The governing equations are discretized using the finite volume method while the SIMPLER algorithm is employed to couple v...

A novel shrouded wind-solar hybrid renewable energy and rain water harvester with an omni-directional-guide-vane (ODGV) for urban high-rise application is introduced. The ODGV surrounds the vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) and enhances the VAWT performance by increasing the on-coming wind speed and guiding it to an optimum flow angle before it interacts with the rotor blades. An ODGV scaled mo...

Ž . An effective approach to obstacle detection and avoidance for autonomous land vehicle ALV navigation in outdoor road environments using computer vision and image sequence techniques is proposed. To judge whether an object newly appearing in the image of the current cycle taken by the ALV is an obstacle, the object shape boundary is first extracted from the image. After the translation from ...

Box jellyfish, cubomedusae, possess an impressive total of 24 eyes of four morphologically different types. Two of these eye types, called the upper and lower lens eyes, are camera-type eyes with spherical fish-like lenses. Compared with other cnidarians, cubomedusae also have an elaborate behavioral repertoire, which seems to be predominantly visually guided. Still, positive phototaxis is the ...

The effects of walking speed and age on the peak external moments generated about the joints of the trailing limb during stance just prior to stepping over an obstacle and on the kinematics of the trailing limb when crossing the obstacle were investigated in 10 healthy young adults (YA) and 10 healthy older adults (OA). The peak hip and knee adduction moments in OA were 21-43% greater than thos...