Central serous chorioretinopathy is a well-described ocular disorder affecting primarily young individuals. As chronic forms of central are often leading to significant visual impairment, potential risk factors for its development constantly analyzed in numerous studies. Review available research shows that predominant include male gender, steroid intake, pregnancy, Cushing syndrome, or acute s...

Color blindness is an inherited genetic ocular disorder. Acquired or congenital color can become a major cause of problems in everyday life tasks. Contributing to solving the trouble important. Because problem leads non-discrimination data seen by infected person. Data visualization contribute hassle blindness. This paper proposed new technique using ideas that may easy recognition. Our focus h...

Harlequin ichthyosis is a rare congenital autosomal recessive disorder that causes hyperkeratosis or plate-like keratosis. Hyperkeratosis affects both upper and lower eyelids defective eyelids. Lagophthalmos persistent dry eye will cause desiccation of the cornea, possibly leading to complications such as ectropion, cornea ulceration, corneal perforation, etc. requires regular ocular review pre...

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) causes impairment to the human immune system which leads to immunocompromised conditions, including ocular complications. Several important HIV-associated disorders may involve the anterior segment, ocular surface, and adnexae organ such as dry eye, blepharitis which reduce quality of life of patients. In present, potent antiretroviral therapies HAART (highly ...

Mutilation in the facial region may significantly affect the self-image and personality of individuals. Prosthetic rehabilitation of facial defects could increase the quality of life, thereby encouraging the patients to build up their self-confidence to return to normal social life. Acceptable cosmetic results are often obtained through facial prosthesis. Recovery after the loss of an eye requi...

In 2021, SARS-CoV-2 has changed our lives permanently in some way. As ancient Chinese philosopher Lao Tzu said, ‘Good fortune hides disaster; Disaster lurks within good fortune’. this global health crisis, we may have gained a better understanding of the body’s immune mechanisms while enhancing public health. In early stages outbreak, ophthalmology manifestations related to were noted.1–3 Ocul...

Abstract Pneumosinus dilatans (PSD) is a rare disorder that causes aberrant paranasal sinus dilation. typically benign and asymptomatic, without any evidence of bone destruction or pathologic changes in the underlying mucosa. Localized discomfort, headaches, facial paraesthesia deformities, sensory deficits, olfactory loss, ocular abnormalities are common complaints. The diagnosis PSD confirmed...

Traveling to high altitudes can expose the eye to reduced ambient cold and low-pressure environments. These conditions can affect the physiology of the eye and may result in ocular problems and visual disturbances. In this paper, ocular disorders related to high altitudes are briefly reviewed. Then, high-altitude ocular disorders are categorized in three parts: those related to dry and cold env...