The number of c-sections is rising all over the world. Non-medical reasons play a major role in these rising figures. Diagnostic criteria are more and more broadened. Maternal reactions to giving birth by caesarean depend on the mother’s attitude towards her motherhood. Emergency c-sections are mostly experienced as traumatic. Birth and caesarean birth can have long lasting effects on personali...

According to the probability ranking principle, the document set with the highest values of probability of relevance optimizes information retrieval effectiveness given the probabilities are estimated as accurately as possible. The key point of this principle is the separation of the document set into two subsets with a given level of fallout and with the highest recall. If subsets of set measu...

Darek Isaacs responds to the challenges to his paper, “Is there a dominion mandate?” This discussion explores the differences between blessings and commandments in light of how their distinctions would impact the understanding of the so-called dominion mandate. This discussion explores the nature of reproduction and how the outcome of reproduction is a result of the blessing of the womb, and no...

Oxygen utilization in splenic cells of normal and BCG-sensitized guinea pigs was measured in a Warburg respirometer in the absence and in the presence of Old Tuberculin (OT). In the absence of OT, normal and sensitive cells respired at the same rate; in the presence of OT, normal cell respiration remained unchanged, whereas the respiration of sensitive cells increased significantly. This enhanc...