BACKGROUND A five-level version of the EuroQol five-dimensional (EQ-5D) descriptive system (EQ-5D-5L) has been developed, but value sets based on preferences directly elicited from representative general population samples are not yet available. The objective of this study was to develop values sets for the EQ-5D-5L by means of a mapping ("crosswalk") approach to the currently available three-l...

Kennedy et al. have introduced mixtures of monoor polyfunctional aralkyl chlorides with BCl, as initiating systems for the polymerization of isobutene'). This so-called inifer technique has been demonstrated to be a valuable method for the production of telechelic polymers2). The mechanism of initiation, which has been suggested for these polymerizations'*2), is in full agreement with the resul...

abstract in order to assess the environmental impact of agricultural activity, the long-term sustainability should be considered. in order to achieve solutions to reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions in the production of rainfed sunflower, this assessment was conducted in the north east of iran. four production methods, i.e. conventional tillage (ct), tow reduced tillages (rt1and rt2)...

BACKGROUND The English Department of Health has introduced routine collection of patient-reported outcome data for selected surgical procedures to facilitate patient choice and increase hospital accountability. However, using aggregate health outcome scores, such as EQ-5D utilities, for performance assessment purposes causes information loss and raises statistical and normative concerns. OBJE...

where up in Eq. (2) corresponds to u(jôx, not) in Eq. (1), and where a = cSt/Sx. Here öt and Sx are the time and space intervals, respectively. We consider the case — co < x < », í > 0. It was shown by Courant, Friedrichs, and Lewy in a wellknown paper [1] that if up and u,x are prescribed for ally, then the computational process represented by Eq. (2) will yield values for w/ which converge to...

background β-thalassemia is a prevalent genetic disease in mediterranean countries. the most common treatments for this disease are blood transfusion plus iron chelation (btic) therapy and bone marrow transplantation (bmt). patients using these procedures experience different health-related quality of life (hrqol). the purpose of the present study was to measure hrqol in these patients using 2...

background: the purpose of this research was to determine the traffic noise level and changes in the kerman city, southeast iran in recent years. methods: this cross-sectional study was carried out in 2008 to investigate the existing noise situation in kerman. sound levels (l max , l min , l eq , l 99 , l 90 , l 50 and l 10 ) were determined throughout 13 stations using sound level measurement ...

INTRODUCTION Health utilities of tuberculosis (TB) patients may be diminished by side effects from medication, prolonged treatment duration, physical effects of the disease itself, and social stigma attached to the disease. METHODS We collected health utility data from Thai patients who were on TB treatment or had been successfully treated for TB for the purpose of economic modeling. Structur...

BACKGROUND Psoriasis has a significant negative impact on patients' health-related quality of life (HRQOL). This study aims to evaluate HRQOL of adult patients with psoriasis in Iran, and explore the relationship between general and disease-specific outcome measures in psoriasis. METHODS Between May and August 2013, a cross-sectional questionnaire survey of consecutive outpatients was conduct...