We evaluated the efficiency of five membrane filters for recovery of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts and Giardia lamblia cysts. These filters included the Pall Life Sciences Envirochek (EC) standard filtration and Envirochek high-volume (EC-HV) membrane filters, the Millipore flatbed membrane filter, the Sartorius flatbed membrane filter (SMF), and the Filta-Max (FM) depth filter. Distilled and ...

Introduction and objective: Cryptosporidium parvum is a protozoan parasite that is a common cause of diarrhea in both animals and humans worldwide. There is no effective specific chemotherapeutic treatment. The aim of this study was to survey and compare the anticryptosporidial effect of two anticoccidial drugs, Monensin, Toltrazuril and synergic effect on oocysts of C. parvum in vitro. Materia...

Twelve percent of 853 California ground squirrels (Spermophilus beecheyi) from six different geographic locations in Kern County, Calif., were found to be shedding on average 44,482 oocysts g of feces(-1). The mean annual environmental loading rate of Cryptosporidium oocysts was 57,882 oocysts squirrel(-1) day(-1), with seasonal patterns of fecal shedding ranging from <10,000 oocysts squirrel(-...

Cross-transmission experiments were done using sporulated oocysts of Eimeria arizonensis from Peromyscus truei and Peromyscus maniculatus, and oocysts of 2 putative species that resemble E. arizonensis, i.e., Eimeria albigulae from Neotoma albigula, and Eimeria onychomysis from Onychomys leucogaster. Oocysts of each species were inoculated into representatives of P. maniculatus and the latter 2...

Four laboratory-hatched European kestrels Falco tinnunculus L. were fed on laboratory mice and common voles Microtus arvalis Pallas previously inoculated with different doses of sporulated oocysts of Caryospora kutzeri Böer, 1982. Two kestrels that were fed infected mice shed C. kurtzeri oocysts 6 days after ingesting murine tissues. To compare direct and indirect transmissions, two of the kest...

Introduction: The protozoan parasite, Cryptosporidium Spp., widely spreads in both raw and drinking waters. It is the causative agents of waterborne diarrhea and gastroenteritis in the world. In the present study, a molecular assay was used for the detection and quantification of Cryptosporidium oocysts in environmental water samples. Materials and methods: Thirty surface water samples wer...

Sporulated oocysts of Eimeria nieschulzi that were fixed and mounted on glass slides in polymerized resin in 1976 are examined. Size, shape, and integrity of oocysts and sporocysts are compared to similar observations we made in 1977 and reported in 1978 (Journal of Parasitology 64: 163-164). Our conclusion is that the methods we reported on in 1978 provide one opportunity to produce permanent ...

Fecal droppings of migratory Canada geese, Branta canadensis, collected from nine sites near the Chesapeake Bay (Maryland), were examined for the presence of Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia spp. Cryptosporidium sp. oocysts were found in feces at seven of nine sites, and Giardia cysts were found at all nine sites. The oocysts from three sites were infectious for mice and molecularly identifie...

The paper by Jenkins et al. (6) provides interesting data on Cryptosporidium parvum oocyst permeability and survival. The vital dye assay (4) relies upon oocyst permeability and exhibits limitations, especially in assessment of disinfectant efficacy (3). However, it is rewarding to note that it is considered to have utility and can provide pertinent data. Although we agree with many points addr...

The paper by Jenkins et al. (6) provides interesting data on Cryptosporidium parvum oocyst permeability and survival. The vital dye assay (4) relies upon oocyst permeability and exhibits limitations, especially in assessment of disinfectant efficacy (3). However, it is rewarding to note that it is considered to have utility and can provide pertinent data. Although we agree with many points addr...