[1] On 4 February 2005, the High-frequency Active Auroral Research Program (HAARP) facility was operated in O and X mode while pointing into the magnetic zenith to produce artificial optical emissions in the ionospheric F layer. The pump frequency was set to 2.85 MHz to ensure passing through the second electron gyroharmonic of the decaying ionosphere. Optical recordings at 557.7 and 630 nm wer...

The topography of natural surfaces at scales of a few meters or less is commonly referred to as roughness. These variations in height and slope, their magnitude, and the changes in structure as a function of scale length are of fundamental importance to interpretation of geologic emplacement regimes and subsequent modification. For most planetary studies and many terrestrial situations, no in s...

Future space surveillance requires dealing with uncertainties directly in the initial orbit determination phase. We propose an approach based on Taylor differential algebra to both solve the initial orbit determination (IOD) problem and to map uncertainties from the observables space into the orbital elements space. This is achieved by approximating in Taylor series the general formula for prob...

The description and development are described of a multidimensional continuous wavelet transform for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image analysis, especially for the analysis of ‘dispersive’ reflectors located on a ground illuminated by a SAR. The usual imaging process makes the assumption that the reflectors are isotropic (i.e. that they behave the same way regardless of the angle from which ...

Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) interferometry has been utilised to acquire high-resolution Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) with wide coverage, particularly for persistently cloud-covered regions where stereophotogrammetry is hard to apply. Since the discovery of sand buried drainage systems by the Shuttle Imaging Radar-A (SIR-A) L-band mission in 1982, radar images have been exploite...

This article proposes and presents a novel approach to the characterization of winter precipitation and modeling of radar observables through a synergistic use of advanced optical disdrometers for microphysical and geometrical measurements of ice and snow particles (in particular, a multi-angle snowflake camera—MASC), image processing methodology, advanced method-of-moments scattering computati...

Robust environmental perception is a crucial parameter for the development of autonomous ground vehicle applications, especially in the field of agricultural robotics which is one of the priorities for the Horizon 2020 robotics funding (EU funding program for research and innovation). Because of uncontrolled and changing environmental conditions in outdoor and natural environments, data from op...

High-resolution multispectral remote sensing data from satellite-borne optical sensors have already been used for the classification of sediments, macrophytes, and mussels in the German Wadden Sea. Since the use of those sensors in northern latitudes is strongly limited by clouds and haze, we included synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data, allowing earth observation that is independent of cloud c...

Fires in the Sardinia Island are one of the most important environmental factors controlling the ecosystem ́s function and structure. The evaluation of fire effects by means of remote sensing is economically and practically the best way to assess fire damage, before going to the field. The use of alternative techniques for fire effects assessment is needed, in particular to characterize the biom...