When a neural network solution to a problem (e.g. handwritten character recognition) is proposed, it is important to know if the structure of the network and the function of the component neurons are well suited to the task. Recent research has examined the structure of Fukushima's neocognitron and the eeect that it has on the classiication of distorted input patterns. We present results which ...

We discuss two key concepts that are useful for extending the depth of field of an optical system. The first concept associates anamorphic processors with the methods that reduce the impact of focus errors, on the optical transfer function. The second concept links Alvarez–Lohmann lenses with tunable masks for controlling the depth of field, without modifying the size of the pupil aperture.

A discussion on the interest of the study of diffractional image formation theory in a course of Fourier Optics is carried out We develope a general description of the partially coherent illumination case. Images of extended objects like the line and periodical structures are given for different values of the coherence parameter. The apparent transfer function is introduced as a quality criteri...

In this paper we present an efficient technique for the construction of LH histograms which, in contrast to previous work, does not require an expensive tracking of intensity profiles across boundaries and therefore allows an LH classification in real time. We propose a volume exploration system for the semi-automatic generation of LH transfer functions, which does not require any user interact...

We demonstrate a high-performance optical arbitrary waveform shaper based on a single 10 GHz arrayed-waveguide grating with 64 loopback waveguides and integrated amplitude and phase modulators on each waveguide. The design is compact and self-aligning and allows for bidirectional operation. The device's complex transfer function is manipulated and measured over the full 640 GHz passband. To dem...

Imaging and detection of objects at optical wavelengths offers better resolution than at microwave or millimeter wavelengths. However, the imaging is severely affected by scattering from fog and clouds. This paper presents a study of optical imaging through clouds by using the point-source vector radiative transfer theory. The point-spread function including complete polarization characteristic...

Although the relationship between digital and radiometric data, sometimes referred to as the CRT transfer function or Γ, has been well described in the literature, estimating model parameters can be difficult. This is due to measurement noise, statistical estimation techniques, and display properties. This paper reviews typical computercontrolled CRT transfer functions and optical flare conside...

Critical examination of the slanted-edge method for color SFR measurement reveals inaccuracies in the estimated SFR, due to the use of demosaicing. The proposed method resolves these inaccuracies by eliminating the need for demosaicing during SFR measurement. OCIS codes: (110.4100) Modulation transfer function; (110.4850) Optical transfer functions

While Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensors are commonly used for adaptive optics, they have many other applications. The modern Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor is compact, rugged, and insensitive to vibration, and has fully integrated data acquisition and analysis. Furthermore, even wavefronts of broadband sources that cannot normally be tested with interferometers can be measured with Shack-Hartma...

A novel technique for calculating the visual optical modulation transfer function (OMTF) is described. The technique involves application of the Rovamo-Barten model of spatial vision to measured contrast sensitivity data. [For details of the basic model see; Rovamo, J., Mustonen, J., & Nasanen, R. (1994). Modelling contrast sensitivity as a function of retinal illuminance and grating area. Visi...