A linear arrangement / of an undirected graph G = (V,E) with jVj = n nodes is a bijective function /:V ? {0, . . . , n 1}. The cost function is costðG;/Þ 1⁄4 P uv2Ejð/ðuÞ /ðvÞÞj and opt(G) = min"/cost(G,/). The problem of finding opt(G) is called minimum linear arrangement (MINLA). The Minimum Linear Arrangement is an NP-hard problem in general. But there are some classes of graphs optimally so...

A quantitative framework is developed to bring forward the insurance motive for holding international reserves. The insurance value of reserves is quantified as the market price of an equivalent option that provides the same insurance coverage as the reserves. This quantitative framework is applied to calculating the cost of a regional insurance arrangement (e.g. an Asian Monetary Fund) and to ...

  A refrigeration cycle is a chain of various pieces of equipment including compressors, condensers, evaporators, and expansion devices each of which takes on a particular thermodynamic process duty in the cycle that eventually results in the production of the required refrigeration. The results of optimized mixed refrigerant cycles (MRCs) in Part I show that the configuration of MRC is an eff...

abstract: minimizing the work consumed in refrigeration system is the most effective measure to reduce the cost of products in sub-ambient chemical processes. the introduction of mixed working fluids into refrigeration system in place of pure working fluids is a recent advancement applied in the field. due to the lack of systematic design method for mixed refrigerant cycle (mrc), conventional a...

Virtual channels have been introduced to enhance the performance of wormhole-switched networks. They are formed by arranging the buffer space dedicated to a given physical channel into multiple parallel buffers that share the physical bandwidth in a demand driven time-multiplexed manner. There have been few attempts to study the optimal arrangement of virtual channels (i.e. given a fixed amount...

optimal capacitor placement, considering power system loss reduction, voltage profile improvement, line reactive power decrease and power factor correction, is of particular importance in power system planning and control. the distribution system operator calculates the optimal place, number and capacity of capacitors based on two major purposes: active power loss reduction and return on invest...