This paper provides a rationalization for using classical one-sided hypothesis tests for approving innovations, such as new drugs or treatment programs. I consider statistical testing as a strategy of the regulator in a game against informed proponents who can profit from the regulator’s acceptance decision even for ineffective innovations. Lower test size deters proponents from attempting cost...

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of exercise training and L-arginine supplementation on oxidative stress and systolic ventricular function in rats with myocardial infarction (MI). Methods: Four weeks after the surgically-induced MI, 40 male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to the following 4 groups (n=10): MI-sedentary control (Sed) MI-exercise (Ex) MI-...

It is often helpful to compute the intrinsic volumes of a set of which only a pixel image is observed. A computational efficient approach, which is suggested by several authors and used in practice, is to approximate the intrinsic volumes by a linear functional of the pixel configuration histogram. Here we want to examine, whether there is an optimal way of choosing this linear functional, wher...

In this paper we consider space-time codes where the code-words are restricted to either real or quaternion matrices. We prove two separate diversity-multiplexing gain trade-off (DMT) upper bounds for such codes and provide a criterion for a lattice code to achieve these upper bounds. We also point out that lattice codes based on Q-central division algebras satisfy this optimality criterion. As...

We consider the system of articulators “jaw – tip of the tongue” in order to investigate instant and integral optimality criteria in the variational approach to the solution of speech inverse problem “from total displacement of articulators to their controls”. The required experimental data i.e., coordinates of the tip of the tongue and lower incisor have been measured by the use of the X-ray m...

Safe Reinforcement Learning can be defined as the process of learning policies that maximize the expectation of the return in problems in which it is important to ensure reasonable system performance and/or respect safety constraints during the learning and/or deployment processes. We categorize and analyze two approaches of Safe Reinforcement Learning. The first is based on the modification of...

Age replacement of technical units has received much attention in the reliability literature over the last four decades. Mostly, the failure time distribution for the units is assumed to be known, and minimal costs per unit of time is used as optimality criterion, where renewal reward theory simplifies the mathematics involved but requires the assumption that the same process and replacement st...