accurate analysis and interpolation of heavy metals, especially arsenic concentrationin ground watercan play a significant role in planning and continuous monitoring of water resources. the analysis may also prevent human health issues.the purpose of this paper was to evaluate newly published sugeno type fuzzy inference system as an interpolation method for estimating the amount of arsenic in k...

Most 3D geological modelling tools were designed for the needs of the oil industry and are not suited to the variety of situations encountered in other application domains. Moreover, the usual modelling tools are not able to quantify the uncertainty of the geometric models generated. The potential-field method was designed to build 3D geological models from data available in geology and mineral...

According to the IPI (integrated pollution index) report, almost 65 percent of all cities and dust of their roads were polluted with heavy metals. These areas threaten the health of human. Identifying, mapping and monitoring the pollution are the first step in contamination management. Hence, in recent decades many methods are presented to identify and mapping based on computer software that am...

Models for spatial autocorrelation and cross-correlation depend on the distance and direction separating two locations, and are constrained so that for all possible sets of locations, the covariance matrices implied from the models remain nonnegative-definite. Based on spatial correlation, optimal linear predictors can be constructed that yield complete maps of spatial fields from incomplete an...

Assessing the spatial distribution of weeds within a field is key step to success site-specific weed management strategies. Centaurea diluta (knapweed) an emerging that causing major agronomic problem in southern and central Spain because its large size, difficulty controlling it, high competitive ability. The main objectives this study were examine variability C. density two wheat fields by mu...

Saline lakes can increase the soil and water salinity of the coastal areas. The main aim of this study is to distinguish the characteristics of the spectral reflectance of saline soil, analyze the statistical relationship between soil EC and characteristics of the spectral reflectance of saline soil, and to map soil salinity east of the Maharloo Lake. The correlation between field measurements ...