International research and development (R&D) operations require a significant amount of coordination between the headquarters and the subsidiaries in order to integrate the dispersed activities in one final product. This article explores what mechanisms multinational companies (MNCs) use to coordinate their overseas R&D units. Based on a multiple case study involving nine MNCs with overseas R&D...

Innovation is a core part of software development companies, frequently determined by organizational design variables including structure, capacity for learning, for change and adaptation. Agile software methods have evolved as approaches to promote agility and innovativeness in software development organizations. However, little research has examined organizational innovativeness and its relat...

This paper describes a case study about introducing, implementing, and using Scrum in three software development companies in Norway. The study is based on several interviews and the data was analyzed using grounded theory practices. The motivation for this case study is to increase knowledge on the process of adopting Scrum in a company. In addition, we wanted to identify problematic issues re...

In the context of software development, companies, organizations and developer teams want to develop pure software products more efficiently and quickly. To deal with the new issues which accompany growing projects and software product complexities, agile tools boost simplicity and accelerate team’s collaboration in a single framework. Adoption of agile tools can be a difficult process, due to ...

In the wake of globalization, concurrent engineering (CE) is a promising for design, modification and development of new products for the challenging Indian organizations. Success of CE demands that key areas of new product design and development of an organization need to be under constant focus. Most of the companies adopt CE procedures to reduce the time for introducing new product in to the...

Product development is often seen as a main tool for competitiveness in organizations. In process industries, like steel and paper, process and product development are seen as an integrated part. Product development has often been the result of a process development. Heavy investments and costly production give process a priority role in product development. The role of customers and suppliers ...

A recent theoretical account posits that, during the acquisition of word recognition in childhood, the pressure to couple visual and language representations in the left hemisphere (LH) results in competition with the LH representation of faces, which consequently become largely, albeit not exclusively, lateralized to the right hemisphere (RH). We explore predictions from this hypothesis using ...

‘Development’’ suggests that there is something that is developing, or changing over time. We can ask about temporal boundaries of that developmental process, asking when development begins or ends and whether it has defined stages along the way, for example. We can ask about spatial boundaries as well: where does the developing object start and end? For this article, I ask about the boundary d...

BACKGROUND Research in 2007 showed that World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations were largely based on expert opinion, rarely used systematic evidence-based methods, and did not follow the organization's own "Guidelines for Guidelines". In response, the WHO established a "Guidelines Review Committee" (GRC) to implement and oversee internationally recognized standards. We examined the imp...