In this study an orthotropic slab finite element is developed to model orthotropic slabs in fire, using a layered 9-noded iso-parametric slab element and a 3-noded beam element. The element is assembled from a solid slab element which represents the continuous upper portion of the profile, and a special beam element which represents the ribbed lower portion. An equivalent width for the cross-se...

Functional adaptation of the femur has been studied extensively by embedding remodelling algorithms in finite element models, with bone commonly assumed to have isotropic material properties for computational efficiency. However, isotropy is insufficient in predicting the directionality of bone's observed microstructure. A novel iterative orthotropic 3D adaptation algorithm is proposed and appl...

In this work, we extend the recently proposed adaptive phase field method to model fracture in orthotropic functionally graded materials (FGMs). A recovery type error indicator combined with quadtree decomposition is employed for mesh refinement. The approach capable of capturing process a localized refinement that provides notable gains computational efficiency. implementation validated agains...