This study was undertaken to compare the chemical properties and yields of pineapple leaf residue (PLR) char produced by field burning (CF) with that produced by a partial combustion of air-dried PLR at 340 °C for 3 h in a furnace (CL). Higher total C, lignin content, and yield from CL as well as the presence of aromatic compounds in the Fourier Transform Infrared spectra of the char produced f...

In this work, char gasification of two coals (i.e., Shenfu bituminous coal and Zunyi anthracite) and a petroleum coke under a steam and CO2 mixture (steam/CO2 partial pressures, 0.025–0.075 MPa; total pressures, 0.100 MPa) and CO2/steam chemisorption of char samples were conducted in a Thermogravimetric Analyzer (TGA). Two conventional kinetic models exhibited difficulties in exactly fitting th...

background: the objective of this work was developing a simple and stable time-based on-line setup for assessing the potential of mercury (hg) vapor adsorption of the commercial sorbents used in air sampling and control operation followed by cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry (cvaas). methods: a special designed separation chamber was used where reduction of the injected hg (ii) solution...

Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a viral zoonosis, which is usually transmitted via tick bites or close contact with infected blood or tissue. This disease can cause a case fatality rate of up to 25%-30% in humans. CCHF Infection in birds is less documented. An ostrich can reproduce viruses and can also play the role of a mechanical vector, by transporting infected ticks without becomi...

This study characterized and removed ash from waste-derived char to improve the quality of char as fuel. Municipal solid waste (MSW) and automobile shredder residue (ASR) were carbonized at 450 degrees C and at 500 degrees C, respectively, in a rotary kiln with a nitrogen atmosphere for 1h. MSW and ASR char were subjected to sieving and pulverization-sieving to screen incombustibles and the ash...

newcastle disease virus (ndv) is known as one of the most important endemic viral pathogen for various avian species such as ostrich, in iran. therefore, establishing a routine vaccination program against nd in ostrich flocks would be useful in order to reduce the danger of this infection. newcastle disease occurs among the ostriches and leads to high rate of mortality while most of the losses ...

Chars produced from the pyrolysis of different waste materials have been investigated in terms of their use as a catalyst for the catalytic cracking of biomass pyrolysis gases during the two-stage pyrolysis-gasification of biomass. The chars were produced from the pyrolysis of waste tyres, refused derived fuel and biomass in the form of date stones. The results showed that the hydrocarbon tar y...

The demand for ostrich meat and other products is increasing. The primary problem facing the industry is a lack of information on the nutrient requirements of these birds, particularly neonatal birds. This may be partly responsible for the high mortality of chicks and the lack of expansion of the industry. Knowledge of the development of the ostrich’s anatomy and digestive function is limited. ...

In ostrich farming, gastric diseases are usual causes of increased mortality and economic losses. Infectious and non-infectious pathogens can damage the gastrointestinal tract, affecting the digestive process. Gastric impaction may be characterized by anorexia, cachexia, dehydration, apathy, decubitus, and dry and reduced feces. Chronic anorexia result in progressive loss on the reproductive pe...