BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there is a bi-directional relationship between sleep characteristics (time in bed, sleep duration, sleep chronology, and sleep efficiency) and time spent participating in outdoor active play among children. METHODS Participants consisted of 433 children aged 10-13 years from Kingston, ON, Canada. Time in bed, sleep duration, slee...

Experimental data are presented on the viability of multiple antennas on small mobile handsets, based on extensive measurement campaigns at 2.14GHz with multiple base stations, indoors, from outdoor to indoor, and outdoors. The results show medium to low correlation values between antenna branch signals despite small antenna separations down to 0.16λ. Amplitude distributions are mainly Rayleigh...

Outdoor Air Quality OAQ): The federal government has made great progress towards cleaning outdoor air since 1970 via the Clean Air Act (CAA) and its additional amendments signed into law in 1990. This Act resulted in a significant 70% reduction of aggregate emissions of six representative indicators of common pollutants between the years of 1970 to 2014! Thusly, the CAA laws define the EPA’s re...

Effective smokefree outdoor policies (SFOP) can reduce the normalisation of smoking and aid quitting.1-3 In New Zealand (NZ), more than 90% of local government authorities have some ‘educational’ outdoor smokefree policies, but these are not enforceable by law.4 We used a case study of NZ’s capital city (Wellington) to explore the issues and options for progressing SFOP in pedestrian-dense urba...