UNLABELLED Acute fatty liver of pregnancy (AFLP) is a rare disorder which is fatal if not recognized and treated early. Delivery of the feto-placental unit results in dramatic improvement in maternal liver function, suggesting a role for the placenta. However, the mechanisms by which defects in the fetus or placenta lead to maternal liver damage are not well understood and form the focus of thi...

Oxidative stress has been shown to underlie a diverse range of neuropathological conditions. Glutamate-induced oxidative toxicity is a well described model of oxidative stress-induced neurodegeneration that relies upon the ability of extracellular glutamate to inhibit a glutamate/cystine antiporter, which results in a depletion of intracellular cysteine and the blockade of continued glutathione...

statins have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects that are not directly related to their cholesterol-lowering activity. this study aimed to investigate the effect of simvastatin on the extent of tissue damage in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. simvastatin was orally given to rats in different doses (1, 2 and 4 mg/kg), 1 h prior to cisplatin injection (5 mg/kg, i.p.). all animals were dec...

background: prepubertal varicocele has the most devastating effects on the testes. oxidative stress is the major cause leading to infertility in varicocele. the antioxidant properties of flaxseed (fs) treatment in some oxidative diseases have been reported. objective: this study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant effect of fs in prepubertal rats with experimental varicocele. materials and method...

introduction: acrylamide (acr) known as a neurotoxic agent in human and animals. previous studies have been shown; fasudil improves neurological deficit and neuronal damage. in this study, the effect of fasudil, potent rho-kinase inhibitor, on acr-induced cytotoxicity was evaluated using pc12 cells as a suitable in vitro model. materials and methods: pc12 cells were exposed to different concent...

conclusions hemodialysis exacerbates oxidative stress and conformational changes of hb in patients with diabetes on hemodialysis. the frap value can be used as a positive determinant, while pco and hb derivatives can be used as negative determinants of oxidative stress in patients with diabetes. background diabetes is associated with an increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ros), whi...

objective: hexavalent chromium [cr (vi)] compounds are well-known environmental contaminants  generated from industrial processes. several studies have reported the harmful effects of cr (vi) on different organs, however, little is known about neurotoxic effects of cr (vi). the aim of this study is to investigate the toxic effects of cr (vi) on pc12 cells. methods: pc12 cells were cultured foll...

When the cell is under stress arising from oxidation, heat, infection, toxic contamination or any other stressful condition, proteins may unfold and expose residues in their structure that under normal physiological conditions are hidden and shielded from chemical reactions. In this licentiate thesis the effects of general oxidative stress on the production of recombinant protein by mammalian c...

Aluminium is numbered among trace elements with a moderate toxic effect on living organisms. We have attempted to assess the influence of long-term aluminium chloride intake on the biochemical parameters and oxidative stress biomarkers in experimental animals. Three months’ administration of aluminium chloride in drinking water at a dose of 80 mg/l significantly elevated blood serum urea and cr...

Plants are continuously exposed to several stress factors in field, which affect their production. These environmental adversities generally induce the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can cause severe oxidative damage to plants. ROS are toxic molecules found in various subcellular compartments. The equilibrium between the production and detoxification of ROS is sustained by...