Deterioration of gas exchange during one-lung ventilation (OLV) is caused by both total collapse of the nondependent lung and partial collapse of the dependent lung. Alveolar recruitment maneuver improves lung function during general anesthesia. The objective of this study was to investigate whether there is an indirect relationship between the changes of CO2 expirogram and the selective lung r...

A19-year-old woman with mild exercise intolerance was referred for follow-up examination of a known ventricular septal defect (VSD; Figure 1A). By continuous-wave Doppler, a gradient across the tricuspid valve of 60 mm Hg was recorded. The parasternal short-axis view revealed an anomalous muscle bundle with insertion at the interventricular septum and the right ventricular (RV) free wall (Figur...

INTRODUCTION Succinylcholine and rocuronium are widely used to facilitate rapid sequence induction (RSI) intubation in intensive care. Concerns relate to the side effects of succinylcholine and to slower onset and inferior intubation conditions associated with rocuronium. So far, succinylcholine and rocuronium have not been compared in an adequately powered randomized trial in intensive care. A...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Anesthetic induction with inhalational agents using a facemask has gained attention since the introduction of sevoflurane. At the same time, the influence of adding nitrous oxide on the pattern of induction and recuperation deserves attention, especially regarding recovery of the cognitive function. The objective of this study was to evaluate the cognitive effects of i...

BACKGROUND Restrictive respiratory failure is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in neuromuscular diseases (NMD). Home mechanical ventilation (HMV) is used to treat hypoventilation, and its efficiency is mostly assessed by daytime blood gases or nocturnal oxygen saturation monitoring (SpO2). Non-invasive transcutaneous measure of CO2 (TcCO2) allows to directly assess nocturnal hypercapnia...

BACKGROUND Premedication before neonatal intubation is heterogeneous and contentious. The combination of a short acting, rapid onset opioid with a muscle relaxant is considered suitable by many experts. The purpose of this study was to describe the tolerance and conditions of intubation following anaesthesia with atropine, sufentanil and atracurium in very premature infants. METHODS Monocentr...

Despite lack of objective evidence based-support, lumbar sympathectomy (LS) continues to hold a place in the treatment of refractory ischemic ulceration or persistent rest pain, especially when there is a distal ischemia, which is not suitable for direct arterial surgery. There is no physiological basis to use lumbar sympathectomy for patients with intermittent claudication. The non-specificity...

INTRODUCTION Endotracheal intubation in intensive care unit (ICU) is a procedure at high risk of life-threatening complications. Among them, severe oxygen desaturation, usually defined as a drop of pulse oxymetry (SpO2) below 80%, is the most common. Preoxygenation enables delaying oxygen desaturation occurring during apnea induced by anaesthetic drugs. Data suggest that non-invasive ventilatio...

PURPOSE To report the reduction in the incidence and severity of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in rural India over a 4-year period following the introduction of improved neonatal care practices. METHODS The Karnataka Internet Diagnosis of Retinopathy of Prematurity program (KIDROP), is a tele-medicine network that screens for ROP in different zones of Karnataka state in rural India. North ...

Non-invasive ventilation refers to the technique of providing ventilatory support to a patient without an endo/orotracheal airway. It is a promising and rapidly upcoming new technique and is being used as first line therapy in a wide variety of conditions causing respiratory failure. The major indications for its use include respiratory failure due to a variety of causes (chest wall abnormaliti...