Vertical packed columns are widely used in absorption, stripping and distillation processes. Flooding will occur the vertical as a result of excessive liquid accumulation, which reduces mass transfer efficiency causes large pressure drop. Pressure drop measurements typically hydrodynamic parameter for predicting flooding. They are, however, only indicative occurrence transition flow regime acro...

The biosorption of copper by inactivated biomass of the brown seaweed Sargassum baccularia, immobilized onto polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) gel beads, was investigated using a laboratory-scale packed bed column. Continuous-flow column tests were performed to determine breakthrough curves at two different column lengths. In both cases, a very broad trailing edge of the breakthrough curve was observed, ...

A closed-form integral for the Arrhenius exponential was obtained by using an approximate relation instead of the usual one in a linear temperature program. The closed-form integral can be applied to predict the retention time very well both for a packed column and for a capillary column, in constant the velocity mode.