The topology formed by vehicles changes quickly, which makes routing become instable. Geographic routing such as GPSR, compared with traditional routing, is more scalable and feasible. However, the commonly used greedy forwarding in geographic routing often fails, due to the urban topology in VANET is particular. Some improvements have been proposed, such as GROOV, which calculates the feasibil...

Routing amid malicious attackers in multihop wireless networks with unreliable links is a challenging task. In this paper, we address the fundamental problem of how to choose secure and reliable paths in such environments. We formulate the multipath routing problem as optimization problems and propose algorithms with polynomial complexity to solve them. Game theory is employed to solve and anal...

Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) suffer from transmission contention and congestion because of the broadcast nature of radio transmission. The broadcast operation, as a fundamental service in MANETs, will cause the broadcast storm problem if the forward nodes are not carefully managed. It is a major challenge to reduce broadcast redundancy while still providing high delivery ratio for each broad...

In wireless sensor networks, geocasting is one of the important transmission behaviors when the sink intends to send messages to sensor nodes in a specific area, typically identified by accurate two-dimensional location information (e.g., xand y-coordinates). Unfortunately, this information is not always obtained at sensor nodes, and the network may have environmental holes (e.g., physical obst...

MANET is a self-directed system consisting of mobile nodes, which can be either routers and/or hosts. Nodes in MANET are connected by wireless links without base stations. The Backoff algorithm considered as a main element of Media Access Control (MAC) protocol, which is used to avoid collision in MANET’s. The Fibonacci Backoff algorithm and the Pessimistic Fibonacci Backoff are proposed to imp...

Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is a wireless telecommunications technology that consists of collection dynamic nodes. Due to these properties resulted in the mobility nodes MANET. So every relationship between will always change and cause process finding vulnerable route take long time. Each node also has role as host or router exchanging information. In MANET delivery assurance ability deal wit...

many appealing multicast services such as on-demand tv, teleconference, online games and etc. can benefit from high available bandwidth in multi-radio multi-channel wireless mesh networks. when multiple simultaneous transmissions use a similar channel to transmit data packets, network performance degrades to a large extant. designing a good multicast tree to route data packets could enhance the...

Mobile ad hoc network or in short MANET is a group of node that exchange the information from source to destination on wireless network. The main problem structure change continously cause by mobility made route disconnected. If disconnect there will be another discovery processes take much time. AOMDV (Ad On-demand Multipath Distance Vector) routing protocol works doing broadcast Route Request...

Ad hoc network is a collection of wireless mobile nodes dynamically forming a temporary network without the aid of any established infrastructure or centralized administration. Routing protocols in mobile ad hoc network helps node to send and receive packets. In this paper our focus is to study Reactive (AODV), Pro active (OLSR), and Hybrid (ZRP) protocols based on random waypoint mobility mode...

The large-scale mobile Underwater Wireless Sensor Network (UWSN) is a useful networking paradigm to explore underwater environments. The characteristics of mobile UWSNs, such as low communication bandwidth, large propagation delay, and floating node mobility are significantly different from wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we propose a new efficient routing protocol, called multi-path r...