'flying dragon' is one of the citrus rootstocks that are considered to be a promised dwarfing rootstock in the world. this experiment was conducted in the astara research station for study of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of 4 mandarin cultivars (unshiu, clementine, page, and yunesi) budded on 'flying dragon'. this experiment was carried out with four cultivars in randomized comp...

The application of peel tests for the measurement of adhesive fracture toughness of metal-polymer laminates is reviewed and the merits of a mandrel peel method are highlighted. The mandrel method enables a direct experimental determination of both adhesive fracture toughness (GA) and the plastic bending energy (GP) during peel, whilst other approaches require a complex calculation for GP. In th...

AIM To determine if the internal limiting membrane (ILM) was present in the epiretinal membrane (ERM) when we deliberately tried to perform a "double peel" for macular pucker. METHODS Pars-plana vitrectomy and a "double peel" were carried out. The ERM and ILM were stained with Trypan Blue and peeled separately over the same area. The amount of ERM present in ILM specimens and the amount of IL...

Pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel is a nutritive, antioxidant rich byproduct, easily available after production of pomegranate juice and ready to eat arils. The present study is undertaken to know the nutritional importance of fresh and detanninated pomegranate peel powder. Fresh pomegranate peel collected after juice extraction from Bhagwa variety of pomegranate. Fresh peels were crushed fine...

This study examined differences in the adsorption kinetics, isotherms, and thermodynamics of dyes (methyl orange fast green FCF) by pristine (M–biochar) chemical activated mandarin peel biochars (MN–biochar MZ–biochar). The specific surface area (1085.0 m2/g) pore volume (0.194 cm3/g) MZ-biochar much higher than those M–biochar (specific = 8.5 m2/g, 0.016 MN–biochar 181.1 0.031 cm3/g). equilibr...

As a by-product, fruit peel can extract a variety of active ingredients, it has great value, which can turn waste into treasure and improve the utilization rate of raw materials. Orange peel, pomelo peel, banana peel and granatum are the main fruit peel utilize in China, This review focuses on the function, extracting ways and application of some components in this fruit peel. In order to make ...