Testing the presence of serial correlation in the error terms of a fixed effects regression model is important for many reasons. While there have been a number of testing procedures developed so far (see, e.g., Bhargava, Franzini and Narendranathan (1982), Baltagi and Li (1995), Baltagi and Wu (1999), Bera et al. (2001), Wooldridge (2002), Drukker (2003), Hong and Kao (2004) and Inoue and Solon...

A panel of industrial countries is examined for evidence of `tax smoothing’. Tax smoothing results when governments minimize tax distortions over time. The model provides a positive theory of government debt and is due primarily to Barro. Unit root tests are performed in panel data to test the null hypothesis of nonstationary tax rates. Panel regressions are then undertaken to test the null hyp...

The classical panel method has been extensively used in external aerodynamics to calculate ideal flow fields around moving vehicles or stationary structures in unbounded domains. However, the panel method, as a somewhat simpler implementation of the boundary element method, has rarely been employed to solve problems in closed complex domains. This paper aims at filling this gap and discusses th...

BACKGROUND We aimed to compare the clinical judgments of a reference panel of emergency medicine academic physicians against evidence-based likelihood ratios (LRs) regarding the diagnostic value of selected clinical and paraclinical findings in the context of a script concordance test (SCT). FINDINGS A SCT with six scenarios and five questions per scenario was developed. Subsequently, 15 emer...

BACKGROUND A test panel is a group of tests that are simultaneously performed for diagnosis and follow-up of patients. Organ-specific or disease-specific test panels are currently available. Since the patient's chief complaint plays a key role in obtaining the personal and medical history and performing physical examinations, we proposed a test panel based on the chief complaints of the patient...

This paper investigates Gibrat’s law by using a panel unit root test, as a panel unit root can increase power in contrast to a conventional individual ADF test. At first this paper uses the panel unit root test to testify Gibrat’s law under independent and identical distribution, with the test results rejecting the null hypothesis of Gibrat’s law. Independent and identical distributions are not...

This paper presents a comparison of power of panel tests of cointegration and show how the choice of most powerful test depends on the values of the sample statistics. Country-by-country and panel stationarity and cointegration tests are performed using a panel of 20 OECD countries observed over the period 1971-2004. Residual-based tests and a cointegration rank test in the system of health car...

The ASTM D 1037 six-cycle accelerated-aging test for wood-based panel products was analyzed to determine how each successive aging cycle and selected steps in each cycle contribute to panel deterioration. Hardboard, particleboard, flakeboard, waferboard, and oriented strandboard were evaluated. The rate of panel deterioration generally decreased with each successive aging cycle. Four cycles of ...