In this paper we explore various interconnections between rich words, Sturmian words, and trapezoidal words. Rich words, first introduced by the second and third authors together with J. Justin and S. Widmer, constitute a new class of finite and infinite words characterized by having the maximal number of palindromic factors. Every finite Sturmian word is rich, but not conversely. Trapezoidal w...

it is well known that the parabolic partial differential equationsin two or more space dimensions with overspecified boundary data,feature in the mathematical modeling of many phenomena. in thisarticle, an inverse problem of determining an unknowntime-dependent source term of a parabolic equation in generaldimensions is considered. employing some transformations, wechange the inverse problem to...

in order to increase the efficiency of the conveyance of the granular solids, a new experimental set-up is designed. the test rig has longitudinal trapezoidal slots in its conveying pipes. through experimentation, a correlation for friction factor in terms of solid mass flow rate, fluid flow rate and froude number is presented. it is shown that the mixture friction factor for pipes with inner t...

Standard intuitionistic fuzzy arithmetic operations have certain problems in division and subtraction operations. Ezzati et al. (2014) defined a new operation on symmetric trapezoidal intuitionistic fuzzy numbers in which the properties ≈ 1 and ≈ 0 are satisfied. In this paper, the new operations according to Ezzati et al. (2014) are extended to symmetric trapezoidal intuitionistic fuzzy number...

In this study, a new modeling method based on trapezoidal fuzzy number FAHP has been proposed to solve the problem of risk element transmission in enterprise project evaluation chain. We firstly put forward enterprise project chain risk element transmission and constructs enterprise project chain risk element transmission tetrahedron model and then proposed the theory of enterprise project eval...

This letter presents a new directional dual-band slotted trapezoidal inverted-F antenna (IFA) for indoor Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) applications. The dual-band performance can be obtained by tuning the lengths of the inner symmetrical trapezoidal slots and the outer trapezoidal arms in a nearly independent manner. The measured results show that the proposed antenna can provide two separ...

To solve multiple attribute decision making problems with intuitionistic trapezoidal fuzzy information, two optimization models based on the maximizing deviation method, by which the attribute weights can be determined, is established. We utilize the intuitionistic trapezoidal fuzzy weighted geometric mean (ITFWGM) operator to aggregate the intuitionistic trapezoidal fuzzy information correspon...

The aim of this paper is to investigate the multiple attribute decision making problems to deal with supplier selection with intuitionistic trapezoidal fuzzy information, in which the information about attribute weights is completely known, and the attribute values take the form of intuitionistic trapezoidal fuzzy number. We developed a multiple attribute decision making method by closeness to ...

In general fuzzy linear regression, the coefficients of the fuzzy regression model are symmetric triangular fuzzy numbers, while we try to replace them by more general ones, which are asymmetric trapezoidal fuzzy numbers. Possibility of equality between two asymmetric trapezoidal fuzzy numbers is explained by possibility distribution. Two different models are presented in this paper. Furthermor...