This paper provides experimental evidence suggesting that there are considerable differences in native language attainment, and that these are at least partially attributable to individual speakers’ experience. Experiment 1 tested high academic attainment (hereafter, HAA) and low academic attainment (LAA) participants' comprehension using a sentence-picture matching task. Test sentences compris...

The current research tests the hypothesis that the cognitive process of intentional forgetting can be applied to promote forgiveness. In three experiments, participants read stories set in second person point of view sentence by sentence. Each story included a target conflict sentence. After each sentence, participants saw a cue indicating forget or remember (Experiment 1, n = 89) or important ...

The paper aims to investigate what happens to grammatical assignment processes after a Noun Phrase (NP) had received its speciic grammatical function in sentence comprehension. It postulates that inhibition processes should play a signiicant role during this post{assignment stage, especially when multiple assignments are required, such as in center{embedding construction (e.g. The judge that ig...

Numerous studies have revealed the essential role of the left lateral temporal cortex in auditory sentence comprehension along with evidence of the functional specialization of the anterior and posterior temporal sub-areas. However, it is unclear whether task demands (e.g., active vs. passive listening) modulate the functional specificity of these sub-areas. In the present functional magnetic r...

The current studies used a priming methodology to assess the abstractness of children's early syntactic constructions. In the main study, 3-, 4- and 6-year-old children were asked to describe a prime picture by repeating either an active or a passive sentence, and then they were left to their own devices to describe a target picture. For half the children at each age, the prime sentences they r...

It remains controversial whether the left inferior frontal gyrus subserves syntactic processing or short-term memory demands. Here we devised a novel picture-sentence matching task involving Japanese sentences with different structures to clearly contrast syntactic reanalysis processes. Using event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), activations under three main conditions wer...

The validity of transformation grammar for explaining differences in recall of differently structured series (a simple declarative sentenee-D vs. a passive negative query-PNQ) of 10 nonsense syllables and function words was tested. All the main variables, except for grammatical structure, gave rise to significant differences. Function words were more easily recalled than nonsense content words;...

O'Brien, Shank, Myers, and Rayner (1988) reported that readers generated elaborative inferences only when a text contained characteristics that virtually eliminated the possibility of an inference being disconfirmed. We reanalyzed the data of O'Brien et al. (1988) and also conducted an experiment in which we varied (a) whether or not there was an anaphoric relation between a target word and its...

Japanese as a language with quite complex grammatical rules is increasingly visible in terms of its complexity when it comes to the discussion active, passive, causative, and causative-passive diathesis. This happens because does not use word be sign existence diathesis, but uses bound morphemes attached root verb. In connection this complexity, paper discussed diathesis how that make up have i...

the study of the sentence and its divisions has been always a cause of difference in syntactical viewpoints among the ancient and modern arab grammarians. ibn hesham sees three divisions for the arabic sentence: the noun sentence, the verb sentence and the adverb sentence. the adverb sentence in his view is that in which a time or place adverb or a prepositional phrase is the predicate proceede...