A novel dual-band design of a finite ground coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed monopole antenna is presented for simultaneously satisfying wireless local area network (WLAN) and worldwide interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) applications. The proposed antenna, comprising a rectangular planar patch element embedded with two L shaped slots and stair shape slot in the middle of the patch elemen...

Very high resolution satellite images are used to derive the spatial distributions of landscape ecological metrics within suburban areas. These indicators are weighted mean patch size and lacunarity computed from thresholded normalized difference vegetation index obtained from multispectral IKONOS-2 imagery. Spatial distributions of the metrics are derived for an extensive suburban area on the ...

The regular patterns of soil erosion tend to change at different scales of observation, affecting the mechanism of soil erosion and its evolution characteristics. This phenomenon has essential scientific significance for the rational allocation of land resources and for studies on sustainable ecosystems. As an important agricultural area in China, Danjiangkou reservoir is threatened by severe s...

The relationship between local population density and habitat area is an important factor in spatial population ecology. I examined how density dependence in the growth of local insect populations and their host plant patches, combined with patch birth and death, and insect dispersal affect the density–area relationship. I constructed a simulation model to examine the relationship for an insect...

Some useful features of microstrip patch antennas are low profile, low weight and easy fabrication. However this type of antenna suffers from having a low gain, caused by propagation surface waves. In this paper, a new near zero refractive index metamaterial (MTM) unit cell is designed and fabricated as a superstrate over a Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antennas (RMPA). In order to obtain a maxi...

Multi-sensor data from different satellites are used to identify an upwelling area in the sea off northeast Taiwan. Sea surface temperature (SST) data derived from infrared and microwave, as well as sea surface height anomaly (SSHA) data derived from satellite altimeters are used for this study. An integration filtering algorithm based on SST data is developed for detecting the cold patch induc...

Studies of the effects of patch size and isolation on plant species density have yielded contrasting results. However, much of the available evidence comes from relatively recent anthropogenic forest fragments which have not reached equilibrium between extinction and immigration. This is a critical issue because the theory clearly states that only when equilibrium has been reached can the numbe...

I challenge (1) the assumption that habitat patches are natural units of measurement for species richness, and (2) the assumption of distinct effects of habitat patch size and isolation on species richness. I propose a simpler view of the relationship between habitat distribution and species richness, the ‘habitat amount hypothesis’, and I suggest ways of testing it. The habitat amount hypothes...

Human activities can degrade landscape connectivity and disrupt ecological flows, jeopardising the functional integrity of processes. This study presents a quantitative assessment Asia’s protected areas’ (PAs) structural using metrics, as well analyses Cost-Effective Zones’ (CEZs). Using nine we assessed at zonal (country borders interior), national, regional, geographical (islands continent) l...