The European cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis cerasi (L.) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is the key pest of sweet and sour cherries in many European countries and west Asia. It is a univoltine species of the west Palaearctic zone that undergoes obligatory pupal diapause. In this study, the development of R. cerasi pupae that were brought to an optimum temperature for postdiapause development following a l...

1The first author was supported by Austrian Science Fund (FWF) project M 1408-N25. 2The second author is indebted to W. Hugh Woodin, Ilijas Farah, and Menachem Magidor for crucial conversations on the topics of this paper. He is also grateful to Andrés Caicedo and Paul Larson for many conversations on the topics of this paper in particular during the SQuaRE meetings at the AIM in Palo Alto, May...

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the purpose of this historical review is to summarize the work of paul of aegina and especially his contribution to the treatment of spine disorders and trauma. a major review of the literature was undertaken with emphasis on the treatise of paul himself as well as those of later scholars and historians. paul expanded the horizons of surgery of his time, using his talent to perform very complic...

We employ the formalism of information theory, and investigate the performance, as measured in bitenergy, of continuous/discrete-value and continuous/discrete-time signal representations as realized in electrical circuits (communication channels). We derive the signal-to-noise ratio, average power dissipation, Shannon channel capacity and bit-energy. Bit-energy, in Joules per bit, is a reasonab...

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team looked at satellite measures of sea surface temperatures for the wintering grounds of 24 humpback whale populations around the world. In all cases, the animals were opting for waters between 24 and 25oC. The whales in this study would have had to continue north of the Equator to find water this warm. Rasmussen believes that a high enough water temperature is crucial for them to breed. “It’...

Paul S. Katz is a neurophysiologist known for his studies of neuromodulatory synapses in invertebrate neural circuits. Katz’s interest in neurobiology began as an undergraduate at Northwestern University, in Evanston, Illinois. He did his graduate work at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, where he identified and studied serotonergic neurons in the stomatogastric ganglion of crabs. He was ...